رابطه بین ارزش‌های فرهنگی و قصد کارآفرینانه دانشجویان کشاورزی: یک تحلیل میان‌فرهنگی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

2 دستیار آموزشی، گروه اقتصاد و ترویج کشاورزی، موسسه تحصیلات عالی سمنگان، سمنگان، افغانستان

چکیده

هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی ساز و کار­هایی است که از طریق آن ارزش­های فرهنگی با انگیزش و قصد کارآفرینانه در دو کشور فارسی زبان، یعنی ایران و افغانستان رابطه دارند. بدین منظور، دو نوع ارزش فرهنگی، یعنی خودتفسیری مستقل و وابسته با مدل رفتار برنامه­ریزی شده ادغام و بررسی شدند. داده­های پژوهش با استفاده از پرسشنامه از 452 دانشجوی کشاورزی (231 نفر از دانشگاه بوعلی سینا و 221 نفر از دانشگاه سمنگان) گردآوری شدند. نتایج مدل­یابی معادلات ساختاری نشان داد که خودتفسیری مستقل و وابسته به طور غیرمستقیم و از طریق نگرش نسبت به کارآفرینی و کنترل رفتاری درک شده با قصد کارآفرینانه رابطه داشتند. نتایج نشان داد که اهمیت نسبی عوامل انگیزشی (یعنی نگرش، هنجارهای ذهنی و کنترل رفتاری درک‌شده) و  پیشآیند آن‌ها (یعنی ارزش­های فرهنگی) در دو کشور  تفاوت معنی­داری ندارند. نتایج این مطالعه می­تواند به سیاست­گذاران و آموزشگران در تدوین و توسعه راهبردهای اثربخش برای ارتقاء و توسعه فعالیت‌های کارآفرینانه در بین دانشجویان کشاورزی کمک کند. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Relationship between Cultural Values and Entrepreneurial Intentions of Agriculture Students: A Cross Cultural Analysis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeid Karimi 1
  • Ahmad Salman Makreet 2
1 Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
2 Teaching Assistant, Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Faculty of Agriculture, Samangan Higher Education Institute, Samangan, Afghanistan
چکیده [English]

The purpose of this study was to examine the mechanisms through which cultural values are associated with entrepreneurial motivations and intentions in in two Persian-speaking countries, namely, Iran and Afghanistan. To do so, two cultural values, namely independent and interdependent self-construal, were integrated within the Theory of Planned Behavior. Data were collected by a questionnaire from a sample of 452 agricultural students who were selected from the two public universities in the two countries. The results of structural equation modeling showed that the independent and interdependent self-construal were indirectly related to entrepreneurial intentions via attitude towards entrepreneurship and perceived behavioral control. The results showed that there was not a significant difference between the two countries according to the relationship between the cultural values and the motivational variables of the theory of planned behavior (i.e., attitudes toward entrepreneurship, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control) and the relationship between the motivational variables and entrepreneurial intentions. The finding and implications of this research can let both policy makers and educators for developing effective strategies and promoting entrepreneurship among agriculture students.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cultural Values
  • Entrepreneurial Intentions
  • Theory of Planned Behavior
  • Iran
  • Afghanistan

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تحقیقات اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی ایران
دوره 52، شماره 2
تیر 1400
صفحه 309-326

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