تحلیل راهبردی چالش‌های آموزش و ترویج در مدیریت مراتع استان مازندران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری علوم و مرتع، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه علوم مرتع‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه علوم مرتع داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی ، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

4 استادیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

5 دانشیار گروه مرتع‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

چکیده

هدف اصلی این پژوهش، واکاوی موانع و چالش‌های آموزش و ترویج در مدیریت مراتع استان مازندران بود. پژوهش حاضر از نظر هدف از نوع پژوهش­های کاربردی و از لحاظ شیوه اجرا از نوع  پژوهش­های میدانی است. جامعه آماری تحقیق، شامل همه کارشناسان ترویج و مدیریت مراتع (155N=) در 12 شهرستان استان مازندران بودند که با توجه به تعداد کارشناساس در هر شهرستان، به روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس، نمونه آماری تحقیق به کمک جدول کرجسی­و­مورگان (1970) 110 نفر تعیین شد. ابزار اصلی تحقیق شامل پرسشنامه محقق­ساخته با طیف لیکرت بوده است. روایی (صوری و محتوایی) آن بر اساس نظر جمعی از کارشناسان جهاد کشاورزی، اداره کل منابع‌طبیعی و آبخیزداری استان مازندران، اعضای هیأت علمی گروه مرتع و ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع­طبیعی ساری تأیید گردید. پایایی پرسشنامه با استفاده از محاسبه آلفای کرونباخ برای متغیرهای موانع و چالش‌های مدیریت مراتع،  798/0 به­دست‌ آمد و تأیید گردید. داده­ها با استفاه از نرم­افزار SPSS تحلیل شد. نتایج تحلیل داده­ها منجر به استخراج پنج عامل: (1) موانع اقتصادی- حمایتی؛ (2) موانع زیرساختی- فنی ؛(3) موانع سیستم مدیریت مراتع؛  (4) موانع اجتماعی- فرهنگی؛ (5) موانع سیاسی- نهادی شد که در مجموع 66/74 درصد از کل واریانس موانع و چالش­ها را تبیین نمود. همگام با نتایج تحقیق توسعه استفاده از روش‌های ترویجی مناسب مانند رهیافت آموزش و دیدار و رهیافت‌ مشارکتی و اولویت‏بندی نیازهای آموزشی و ترویجی در بخش مدیریت مراتع استان برای اشاعه اطلاعات و مهارت کاربردی بین بهره‌بردارن از مراتع، تلفیق دانش و مهارت­های بومی با فناوری‏های نوین در حفاظت از مراتع پیشنهاد می‌شود. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Strategic Analysis of Challenges of Education And Extension in Rangeland Management of Mazandaran Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mosa Ahmadi 1
  • Ghodratollah Heydari 2
  • Shafagh Rastgar 3
  • Fatemeh Razzaghi Bourkhani 4
  • Reza Tamartash 5
1 Ph. D Student of Rangeland Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Rangeland Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Rangeland Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
5 Associate Professor, Rangeland Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
چکیده [English]

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the barriers to education and extension in management of rangelands of Mazandaran province. The research is of applied type and field research in Mazandaran Province. Population consisted of all Extension and rangeland management experts in 12 counties of Mazandaran province that in relation to the expert’s population in each of the counties related to livestock and rangeland activities through random and available sampling method, the statistical sample of the study was selected that the sample size of 110 people was obtained using Morgan formula. The main research tool included a questionnaire. Its validity (form and content) was confirmed based on the collective opinion of experts from Jihad Agriculture, Natural Resources Management, Environment Organization, Rangelands and Forests Organization in Mazandaran Province, faculty members of Department of Agricultural Extension and Education and Rangeland of Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire. Cronbach’s alpha was used to estimate the reliability (0.798). The reliability was found to be acceptable. The results of factor analysis showed that: 1) Economic-supportive barriers; (2) infrastructural-technical barriers; (3) rangeland management system barriers; (4) socio-cultural barriers; (5) Political-institutional barriers were the five barriers to application education and extension in management of rangelands. These factors explained 74.66 percent of the total variance. Finally, the proposed research model in rangeland ranchers and rangeland brokers (policy makers) has provided solutions to reduce barriers and problems in extension rangeland management. Keep up with the research results development of the use of appropriate extension methods such as training and visit approach and participatory approach and prioritization of training and extension needs in the rangeland management department of the province to disseminate information and practical skills among rangeland users, integrating knowledge and indigenous skills with new technologies in conservation Recommended from pastures and livestock production.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Barriers and Challenges
  • Agricultural Education and Extension
  • Sustainable Development
  • Rangeland Management
  • Mazandaran Province

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تحقیقات اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی ایران
دوره 53، شماره 2
تیر 1401
صفحه 447-463

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