سنجش و ارزیابی تطبیقی زیست پذیری روستاهای دارا و فاقد فعالیت های حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری (مطالعه موردی: استان چهارمحال و بختیاری)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار دانشکده منابع طبیعی، گروه احیا مناطق خشک و کوهستانی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 کارشناس ارشد منابع طبیعی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، گروه احیا مناطق خشک و کوهستانی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

4 دانشجوی دکترای جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشکده علوم انسانی، گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

چکیده

رابطه زیست­پذیری روستاها با پایداری منابع پایه تولید، موضوعی است که تاکنون مورد توجه جدی قرار نگرفته است. البته به­دلیل بحران منابع­طبیعی و محیط­زیست و ناپایداری سکونتگاه­های روستایی از اهمیت روزافزونی برخوردار است. این پژوهش با هدف سنجش و ارزیابی تاثیر فعالیت­های حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری بر زیست­پذیری روستایی در استان چهارمحال و بختیاری صورت گرفته است. جامعة آماری موردِ بررسی شامل ساکنان روستاهای مورد مطالعه و حجم نمونه در این پژوهش 143 نفر  بوده است. این پژوهش از‌‌ نظر هدف، کاربردی و بر مبنای راهبرد پژوهش، از نوع پیمایشی است و از ابزار پرسش‌‌نامه برای جمع‌‌آوری داده‌‌ها استفاده شده است.  روایی پرسشنامه با استفاده از روایی محتوا و پایایی آن از طریق آلفای کرونباخ به­دست آمد. برای تحلیل داده­ها از نرم­افزار SPSS18 استفاده شد. یافته­های تحقیق نشان داد سطح زیست­پذیری روستاهای دارای آبخیزداری و حفاظت خاک، نسبت به سطح زیست­پذیری روستاهای فاقد این طرح­ها دارای تفاوت معنی­داری بود. به­عبارتی، می­توان این­گونه نتیجه­گیری نمود که طرح­های آبخیزداری می­تواند موجب ارتقای شرایط زیستی در روستاها شده و البته در بلندمدت، میزان رضایتمندی از زندگی و فعالیت در روستاها را ارتقا دهد. پیشنهاد می­شود در جهت ارتقای شرایط زیست­پذیری روستاهای کوهستانی به اقدامات آبخیزداری توجه ویژه­ای صورت گیرد تا استفاده پایدار از منابع طبیعی و محصولات کوهستانی به­عنوان راهبرد اصلی معیشت توسط خانوارهای روستایی در نظر گرفته شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


  1. Ali Akbari, E; & Akbari, M (2016) Interpretive Structural Modeling of Factors Affecting Tehran Metropolitan Livability, Journal of Space Planning and Preparation, 21(1), 1-31. (In Farsi)
  2. Benjamin L. S. (2013). Spatial Pattern of Urban Livability in Himalayan Region: A case of Aizwal City, India. earch, Vol 25, No 117, pp 541-559.
  3. Bolverdi, A. & Beheshti, M. (2016). Economic Evaluation of Watershed Management Projects (Case Study of Dam Basin Watershed), 5th National Conference on Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tehran, Mehr-e-Arvand Higher Education Institute, Eco-Friendly Promotion Group nature of Iran. (In Farsi)
  4. Boozorjomahri, K., Ismaili, K., & Romiani, A. (2017). The Role of Native Villagers' Knowledge in the Rural Livability, Case Study: Devin and Tokour Villages of Shirvan County, Journal of Geography and Urban-Regional Planning, 7(24), 110-93. (In Farsi)
  5. Danielaini, T. Maheshwari, B. & Hagare, D. (2019). Qualitative and quantitative analysis of perceived liveability in the context of socio-ecohydrology: evidence from the urban and peri-urban Cirebon-Indonesia, Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Vol 62, No 12, pp 1-29.
  6. de Chazal, J. (2010). A Systems Approach to Livability and Sustainability: Defining Terms and Mapping Relationships to Link Desires with Ecological Opportunities and Constraints. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 27 (5), 585–597.
  • (2014). The Needs of Society: A New Understanding of Transitions, Sustainability and Liveability. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 85, 121–132.

 

  1. Faham, E. Rezvanfar, A. &Movahed Mohammadi, S. (2015). Content Analysis of Sustainability Concepts in Agricultural Courses at Campus of Agriculture at University of Tehran, Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 46(3), 529-540. (In Farsi)
  2. Ghodrati, A., Nezami, M., Khaja, E. & Babri, M. (2010). Investigation of Watershed Management Operations for Soil Conservation and Reduction of Erosion and Sedimentation in Masouleh Roudkhan basin (Guilan), Second National Conference on Water Resources Management, Kerman, Shahid Bahonar University, Society of Irrigation and Water Engineering. (In Farsi)
  3. Hayati, A. & Bazrafshan, O. (2015). Assessing the Social and Economic Impacts of Watershed Management Case Study: Bushkan-Bushehr Basin, National Conference on Future Research, Humanities and Development, Shiraz, Iran Modern Education Development Center. (In Farsi)
  4. Heidari, T., Shamaei, A., Sasanpour, F., Soleimani, M., & Ahadnejad Reveshti, M. (2017). Analysis of Factors Affecting the Livability of Urban Decay Textures (Case Study: Decayed Texture of Central Zanjan City), Scientific- Ahar Geographical Space Research, 17(57), 1-25. (In Farsi)
  5. Hosseini, S., Nazari, M., & Iraqi Nejad, S. (2013). Investigating the Impact of Climate Change on the Agricultural Sector with Emphasis on the Role of Adaptation Strategies in the Sector, Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 44(1), 1-16. (In Farsi)
  6. Iran Census Center
  7. Jacobs, A., & Appleyard, D. (1987). Toward an urban design manifesto. Journal of the American Planning Association, 53(1), 112–120.
  8. Jamali, A., Hassanzadeh Nafouti, M., & Raisi, N. (2013). The Impact of Watershed Management Activities on the Social Economic Issues of the Drainage Basin of Nik Shahr County, 9th National Conference on Watershed Management Science and Engineering, Yazd, Yazd University . (In Farsi)
  9. Jomehpour, M. & Tahmasebi, S. (2013). Explaining the Livability and Quality of Life in Suburban Villages (Case Study: Central District of Shahriar County), Physical Planning Research Journal, 1(3), 60-41. (In Farsi)
  10. Karami dehkordi, E. (2010). A Country Report: Challenges Facing Iranian Agriculture and Natural Resource Management in the Twenty-First Human Ecology, 38(2), 295-303.
  11. Khorasani, M. (2012). Explaining the livability of suburban villages with quality of life approach (Case study: Varamin county). Doctoral dissertation, Geography and Rural Planning, with guidance: Dr. Mohammad Reza Razvani, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran. (In Farsi)
  12. Khorasani, M. & Razvani, M. (2013). Analysis of the Relationship between the livability of Suburban Villages with Service Provision (Case Study: Varamin County), Spatial Planning Research, 3(3), 1-16. (In Farsi)
  13. McCann, E. J. (2007). Inequality and politic city-region: Questions of Livability and state strategy. International Journal of and Regional Research, 31(1), 188-196.
  14. Mehrdoust, K., Shams, A., & Karami Dehkordi, E. (2013). Factors Affecting Rural People's Participation in Watershed Management Projects (Case Study: Dorood Faraman and Lal Abad basin of Kermanshah County), Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 3(3), 399-409. (In Farsi)
  • (2018). Sustainability Analysis of Macro and Sector Policies of Agricultural in Five Year Programs of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 2(1), 43-58. (In Farsi)
  1. Myers, D. (1987). Community relevant measurement of quality of life: A focus on local trends, Urban Affairs Quarterly, 23, 108-125.
  2. National Association of Regional Councils (2010). The Livable Communities Act of 2011, Authenticated U.S Government Information.
  3. Paul, A. & Sen, J. (2018). Livability assessment within a metropolis based on the impact of integrated urban geographic factors (IUGFs) on clustering urban centers of Kolkata, Cities, 74, 142–150.
  4. Rezvani, M. (2005). An Introduction to Rural Development Planning in Iran, Ghoomes Publishing, First Edition, Tehran. (In Farsi)
  • , M (1998). Sustainable community development: integrating environmental, economic, and social objectives. Brill publication, New York.
  1. Sadeghlou, T., & Sajasi Gheidari, H. (2014). Investigating the Relevance of Rural Settlements to Rural Resilience against to Natural Risks in Rural Areas of Maraveh Tapeh and Palizan District. Journal of Crisis Management Research, 6, 37-44. (In Farsi)
  • 2003) Urban environmental Quality and human wellbeing-towards a conceptual framework and of concepts: A literature study. Landscape and Urban
  1. Veenhoven, R. (1996a). Developments in Satisfaction-Research. Social Indicators Research, 37 (1): 1–46.
  2. Veenhoven, R. (1996b). Happy Life-Expectancy. Social Indicators Research, 39 (1): 1–58.
  3. Veenhoven, R., & Ouweneel, P. (1995). Livability of the Welfare-State. Social Indicators Research, 36 (1), 1–48.
  4. Velayati, S. & Kadivar, A. (2012). Environmental Challenges of Forests and Rangelands of Iran and Its Consequences, Geography and Regional Development Journal, 4(7), 53-72.
  5. Vergunst, P. (2003). Livability and ecological land use the challenge of localization, PhD Thesis, in Department of Rural Development Studies, Swedish University of Agriculture.
  6. Victorian, C., & Efiiciency, C. (2008). A State of Livability: An in Inquiry in to enhancing Victoria’s Livability. Analysis and Policy Observatory (APO).

Yan, J., Wn, Q., & Lin, J. (2012). Understanding indigenous Knowledge in sustainable management of natural resources in china taking two villages from Guizhou Province as a case, Forest Policy and Economic, 22, 47-52

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  1. Ali Akbari, E; & Akbari, M (2016) Interpretive Structural Modeling of Factors Affecting Tehran Metropolitan Livability, Journal of Space Planning and Preparation, 21(1), 1-31. (In Farsi)
  2. Benjamin L. S. (2013). Spatial Pattern of Urban Livability in Himalayan Region: A case of Aizwal City, India. earch, Vol 25, No 117, pp 541-559.
  3. Bolverdi, A. & Beheshti, M. (2016). Economic Evaluation of Watershed Management Projects (Case Study of Dam Basin Watershed), 5th National Conference on Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tehran, Mehr-e-Arvand Higher Education Institute, Eco-Friendly Promotion Group nature of Iran. (In Farsi)
  4. Boozorjomahri, K., Ismaili, K., & Romiani, A. (2017). The Role of Native Villagers' Knowledge in the Rural Livability, Case Study: Devin and Tokour Villages of Shirvan County, Journal of Geography and Urban-Regional Planning, 7(24), 110-93. (In Farsi)
  5. Danielaini, T. Maheshwari, B. & Hagare, D. (2019). Qualitative and quantitative analysis of perceived liveability in the context of socio-ecohydrology: evidence from the urban and peri-urban Cirebon-Indonesia, Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Vol 62, No 12, pp 1-29.
  6. de Chazal, J. (2010). A Systems Approach to Livability and Sustainability: Defining Terms and Mapping Relationships to Link Desires with Ecological Opportunities and Constraints. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 27 (5), 585–597.
  • (2014). The Needs of Society: A New Understanding of Transitions, Sustainability and Liveability. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 85, 121–132.

 

  1. Faham, E. Rezvanfar, A. &Movahed Mohammadi, S. (2015). Content Analysis of Sustainability Concepts in Agricultural Courses at Campus of Agriculture at University of Tehran, Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 46(3), 529-540. (In Farsi)
  2. Ghodrati, A., Nezami, M., Khaja, E. & Babri, M. (2010). Investigation of Watershed Management Operations for Soil Conservation and Reduction of Erosion and Sedimentation in Masouleh Roudkhan basin (Guilan), Second National Conference on Water Resources Management, Kerman, Shahid Bahonar University, Society of Irrigation and Water Engineering. (In Farsi)
  3. Hayati, A. & Bazrafshan, O. (2015). Assessing the Social and Economic Impacts of Watershed Management Case Study: Bushkan-Bushehr Basin, National Conference on Future Research, Humanities and Development, Shiraz, Iran Modern Education Development Center. (In Farsi)
  4. Heidari, T., Shamaei, A., Sasanpour, F., Soleimani, M., & Ahadnejad Reveshti, M. (2017). Analysis of Factors Affecting the Livability of Urban Decay Textures (Case Study: Decayed Texture of Central Zanjan City), Scientific- Ahar Geographical Space Research, 17(57), 1-25. (In Farsi)
  5. Hosseini, S., Nazari, M., & Iraqi Nejad, S. (2013). Investigating the Impact of Climate Change on the Agricultural Sector with Emphasis on the Role of Adaptation Strategies in the Sector, Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 44(1), 1-16. (In Farsi)
  6. Iran Census Center
  7. Jacobs, A., & Appleyard, D. (1987). Toward an urban design manifesto. Journal of the American Planning Association, 53(1), 112–120.
  8. Jamali, A., Hassanzadeh Nafouti, M., & Raisi, N. (2013). The Impact of Watershed Management Activities on the Social Economic Issues of the Drainage Basin of Nik Shahr County, 9th National Conference on Watershed Management Science and Engineering, Yazd, Yazd University . (In Farsi)
  9. Jomehpour, M. & Tahmasebi, S. (2013). Explaining the Livability and Quality of Life in Suburban Villages (Case Study: Central District of Shahriar County), Physical Planning Research Journal, 1(3), 60-41. (In Farsi)
  10. Karami dehkordi, E. (2010). A Country Report: Challenges Facing Iranian Agriculture and Natural Resource Management in the Twenty-First Human Ecology, 38(2), 295-303.
  11. Khorasani, M. (2012). Explaining the livability of suburban villages with quality of life approach (Case study: Varamin county). Doctoral dissertation, Geography and Rural Planning, with guidance: Dr. Mohammad Reza Razvani, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran. (In Farsi)
  12. Khorasani, M. & Razvani, M. (2013). Analysis of the Relationship between the livability of Suburban Villages with Service Provision (Case Study: Varamin County), Spatial Planning Research, 3(3), 1-16. (In Farsi)
  13. McCann, E. J. (2007). Inequality and politic city-region: Questions of Livability and state strategy. International Journal of and Regional Research, 31(1), 188-196.
  14. Mehrdoust, K., Shams, A., & Karami Dehkordi, E. (2013). Factors Affecting Rural People's Participation in Watershed Management Projects (Case Study: Dorood Faraman and Lal Abad basin of Kermanshah County), Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 3(3), 399-409. (In Farsi)
  • (2018). Sustainability Analysis of Macro and Sector Policies of Agricultural in Five Year Programs of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 2(1), 43-58. (In Farsi)
  1. Myers, D. (1987). Community relevant measurement of quality of life: A focus on local trends, Urban Affairs Quarterly, 23, 108-125.
  2. National Association of Regional Councils (2010). The Livable Communities Act of 2011, Authenticated U.S Government Information.
  3. Paul, A. & Sen, J. (2018). Livability assessment within a metropolis based on the impact of integrated urban geographic factors (IUGFs) on clustering urban centers of Kolkata, Cities, 74, 142–150.
  4. Rezvani, M. (2005). An Introduction to Rural Development Planning in Iran, Ghoomes Publishing, First Edition, Tehran. (In Farsi)
  • , M (1998). Sustainable community development: integrating environmental, economic, and social objectives. Brill publication, New York.
  1. Sadeghlou, T., & Sajasi Gheidari, H. (2014). Investigating the Relevance of Rural Settlements to Rural Resilience against to Natural Risks in Rural Areas of Maraveh Tapeh and Palizan District. Journal of Crisis Management Research, 6, 37-44. (In Farsi)
  • 2003) Urban environmental Quality and human wellbeing-towards a conceptual framework and of concepts: A literature study. Landscape and Urban
  1. Veenhoven, R. (1996a). Developments in Satisfaction-Research. Social Indicators Research, 37 (1): 1–46.
  2. Veenhoven, R. (1996b). Happy Life-Expectancy. Social Indicators Research, 39 (1): 1–58.
  3. Veenhoven, R., & Ouweneel, P. (1995). Livability of the Welfare-State. Social Indicators Research, 36 (1), 1–48.
  4. Velayati, S. & Kadivar, A. (2012). Environmental Challenges of Forests and Rangelands of Iran and Its Consequences, Geography and Regional Development Journal, 4(7), 53-72.
  5. Vergunst, P. (2003). Livability and ecological land use the challenge of localization, PhD Thesis, in Department of Rural Development Studies, Swedish University of Agriculture.
  6. Victorian, C., & Efiiciency, C. (2008). A State of Livability: An in Inquiry in to enhancing Victoria’s Livability. Analysis and Policy Observatory (APO).

Yan, J., Wn, Q., & Lin, J. (2012). Understanding indigenous Knowledge in sustainable management of natural resources in china taking two villages from Guizhou Province as a case, Forest Policy and Economic, 22, 47-52