کاربرد مدل‌های سیستمی در تحلیل تقاضای کالاهای خوراکی در ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 کارشناس ارشد اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه ت بریز

چکیده

      در این تحقیق، رفتار مصرفی خانوارهای شهری کل کشور برای هشت گروه اصلی کالاهای خوراکی تحلیل شد که شامل غلات و فراورده‌های آن، انواع گوشت، شیر و فراورده‌های آن و تخم‌مرغ، میوه و سبزی‌ها، روغن‌ها و کره، نوشیدنی‌ها، حبوبات و خشکبار هستند. برای نیل به این هدف با استفاده از داده‌های سری زمانی مربوط به سال 1353- 1386 انواع سیستم‌های انعطاف‌پذیر تقاضا مانند سیستم تقاضای مخارج درجه دوم، سیستم تقاضای روتردام، سیستم تقاضای تقریباً ایده‌آل، سیستم تقاضای تقریباً ایده‌آل درجه دوم، سیستم تقاضای معکوس تقریباً ایده‌آل و یک سیستم هیبرید تقاضاCBS  با استفاده از روش رگرسیون‌های به ظاهر نامرتبط برآورد شدند که با مقایسة آن‌ها از طریق آزمون‌های آماری و معیارهای اقتصادسنجی، سیستم تقاضای تقریباً ایده‌آل معکوس به عنوان مدل برتر انتخاب شد. نتایج نشان داد که در میان اقلام غذایی، لبنیات کمترین و گوشت بیشترین کشش‌های مقداری را دارند و کشش مقیاس گوشت و خشکبار از سایر گروه‌ها پایین‌تر بوده که بیانگر لوکس‌بودن این کالاهاست. همچنین، نتایج بیان‌کنندة این است که گوشت با غلات و شیر با دیگر آشامیدنی‌ها رابطة جانشینی و غلات با خشکبار و روغن رابطة مکملی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analyzing food demand in Iran: Application of demand system models

نویسندگان [English]

  • Javad Hosseinzad 1
  • Fateme Sohrabi Athar 2
  • Ghader Dashti 1
  • Mohamad Ghahremen Zade 1
1 Associate Professor, Agricultural Economics, University of Tabriz, Iran
2 MSc., Agricultural Economics, University of Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this study the consumption behavior of Iranian urban households is analyzed for the eight main food commodities groups including cereal and its products, meat, milk and its products and eggs, fruits and vegetables, edible oils and butter, beverages, grains and nuts over 1974-2007. In this context, the flexible demand models such as Quadratic Expenditure, Rotterdam, Almost Ideal Demand System, Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System, Inverse Almost Ideal Demand System (IADS) and CBS were estimated by seemingly unrelated regressions. Based on comparing the statistical tests and econometric criteria, the IADS was selected as the best model. Results showed that among the food items, dairly and meat have the least and highest quantity elasticity, respectively. The scale elasticities of meat and nuts were lower than those of other groups, which suggest that these goods are being luxurious. The results imply that there is a substitute relationship between meat and cereal, and also milk and other beverages. Furthermore, cereal has a complementary relationship with nut and oil.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Demand systems
  • inverse almost ideal demand system
  • main food commodities groups
  • quantity elasticity
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