مقایسه عوامل تعیین‌کننده رفتار کشاورزان در استفاده از کودهای شیمیایی بر اساس تئوری رفتار برنامه‌ریزی شده و تئوری ارزش- عقیده - هنجار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجو دکتری، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بو علی سینا، همدان، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بو علی سینا، همدان، ایران

چکیده

رفتار کشاورزان در مصرف نهاده‌های کشاورزی به‌ویژه کودهای شیمیایی یکی از عوامل تأثیرگذار بر کشاورزی پایدار در راستای دستیابی به‌ اهداف توسعه پایدار در هر کشور محسوب می‌شود. پژوهش حاضر به‌ دنبال مقایسه عوامل تعیین‌کننده رفتار کشاورزان در مصرف کودهای شیمیایی بر اساس تئوری رفتار برنامه‌ریزی شده (TPB) و تئوری‌ ارزش-عقیده-هنجار(VBN) است. 375 کشاورز سیب‌زمینی‌کار از 30 روستا به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند (14200=N). اطلاعات با استفاده از پرسشنامه و مصاحبه جمع‌آوری شد. محاسبات آماری به وسیله نرم‌افزارهای SmartPLS.3 و SPSS22 انجام‌ شد. روایی پرسشنامه توسط گروهی از متخصصان بررسی و مورد تایید قرار گرفت. برای بررسی پایایی نیز 35 پرسشنامه توسط کشاورزان تکمیل شد. میزان پایایی متغیرهای تحقیق که توسط آلفای کرونباخ محاسبه شد بین 65/0 تا 81/0 بوده که میزان قابل قبولی را نشان می‌دهد. نتایج با استفاده از (TPB) نشان‌ می‌دهد که قصد رفتاری با سه متغیر نگرش رفتاری، هنجارهای ذهنی و کنترل‌ رفتار ادراک ‌شده رابطه مثبت ‌و‌ معناداری دارد و از جمله عواملی هستند که رفتار کشاورزان را در مورد کاربرد کود شیمیایی تعیین می‌کنند. همچنین نتایج با استفاده از تئوری (VBN) نشان داد اجزای این تئوری رابطه مثبت و معناداری با رفتار دارند و جزء عوامل تعیین‌کننده رفتار کشاورزان در کاربرد کودهای شیمیایی می‌باشند. همچنین در تئوری (TPB) نتایج نشان ‌داد که قصد کشاورزان با باورهای رفتاری به‌ واسطه نگرش رفتاری، با باورهای هنجاری به‌واسطه هنجارهای ذهنی و با باورهای کنترل ‌شده به ‌واسطه کنترل ‌رفتار ادراک‌شده رابطه مثبت و معنادار دارد. در تئوری (VBN) نتایج بیانگر این بود که ارزش به ‌واسطه عقیده و هنجار، با رفتار کشاورزان رابطه مثبت ‌و معنادار دارد. در مقایسه متغیرهای موجود در هر دو تئوری به خوبی تبیین‌کننده رفتار کشاورزان در کاربرد کودهای شیمیایی می‌باشند به‌طوری‌که 51 درصد از رفتار کشاورزان در(TPB) و 57 درصد در(VBN) را می‌توان از طریق متغیرهای موجود در هر دو مدل توصیف کرد

کلیدواژه‌ها

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تحقیقات اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی ایران
دوره 53، شماره 4
دی 1401
صفحه 1001-1021

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