کاربست نظریه داده بنیاد در تبیین توسعه کارآفرینی بین المللی شرکت های دانش بنیان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت کارآفرینی، گروه مدیریت ، دانشکده مدیریت ، علی آباد کتول ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، علی آباد کتول،ایران.

2 دکتری کارآفرینی ، گروه مدیریت ، دانشکده علوم انسانی آزادشهر ، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس ، گنبد کاووس ،ایران.

3 استادیار گروه مدیریت ، دانشکده مدیریت،علی آباد کتول، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، علی آباد کتول،ایران.

چکیده

این پژوهش با هدف کلی طراحی الگوی توسعه کارآفرینی بین‌المللی در کسب‌وکارهای دانش‌بنیان انجام شد. به منظور رسیدن به این الگو از روش بنیادی (برحسب هدف)، رویکرد کیفی (براساس گردآوری نظام‌مند داده‌ها) و راهبرد نظریه داده بنیان استفاده شده است. گردآوری داده‌ها از طریق مصاحبة عمیق با 18 نفر از اعضای هیات علمی حوزه کارآفرینی و موسسان شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان (مستقر در پارک علم وفناوری) صورت گرفت. داده‏های پژوهش از طریق زنجیره کدگذاری سه مرحله‌ای باز، محوری و گزینشی مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت. الگوی به دست آمده از تحقیق، شرایط علی (عوامل رانشی و کششی)، راهبردها (به کارگیری شبکه شخصی، همکاری مشارکتی مشتریان و تامین‌کنندگان خارجی، پیروی از مشتریان و به کارگیری فناوری پیشرفته)، شرایط مداخله‌گر (نیروهای پشتیبان، محرک و بازدارنده)، شرایط زمینه‌ای (حوزه صادرات، کارآفرینی سازمانی، زیرساخت مناسب) و پیامدها (توسعه بازار، توسعه اقتصادی پایدار، کسب مزیت رقابتی پایدار) را به عنوان مولفه‌های اصلی کارآفرینی بین‌المللی شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان نشان می‌دهد.

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