کشف موانع رفتار حفاظت آب کشاورزی و عوامل مرتبط با استفاده از نظریۀ داده‌بنیان (مورد مطالعه دشت نیشابور استان خراسان رضوی)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه ترویج و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه ترویج و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

هدف کلی پژوهش حاضر، کشف موانع رفتار حفاظت آب کشاورزی و عوامل مرتبط با استفاده از روش نظریۀ داده­بنیان بود. مشارکت­کنندگان کشاورزان پیشرو دشت نیشابور بودند که از طریق روش نمونه­گیری هدفمند (30 نفر) انتخاب شدند. برای جمع­آوری داده­ها از مشاهده، مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته، یادداشت­های عرصه و بررسی اسناد و مدارک استفاده شد. داده­های گردآوری‌شده در قالب 74 مفهوم و 22 مقوله کدگذاری و تحلیل شدند. در مرحله کدگذاری محوری، مدل پارادایمی با لحاظ کردن عدم رفتار حفاظت آب (پدیده اصلی)، باورها و عادات غلط، تقدیرگرایی و عدم درک و مسئولیت­پذیری نسبت به کمبود آب به عنوان شرایط علی این پدیده؛ پراکندگی زمین­های زراعی، محدودیت­های مالی-اقتصادی، برنامه­ریزی و مدیریت ضعیف دولت، نبود مشارکت و توافق جمعی، عدم فرهنگ­سازی و آموزش و عدم اعتماد به کارشناسان و مسئولین دولتی از بسترهای اصلی این پدیده و عدم خودباوری کشاورزان، برنامه­های حمایتی ضعیف دولت، نبود ارتباطات لازم بین کارشناسان و کشاورزان، و عدم تأمین معاش و منافع کشاورزان از جمله شرایط مداخله­گر بودند. توسعه­ی زیرساخت­های آبیاری، ایجاد امنیت شغلی، تغییر الگوی کشت، ارائه برنامه­های آموزشی و حمایت­های مالی دولت به عنوان راهبردهای این پدیده شناسایی شدند. پیامدهای این پدیده مهاجرت از روستاها به شهرها و نهادینه­نشدن رفتار حفاظت آب در میان کشاورزان بود. نتایج این پژوهش می­تواند سازوکار و استراتژی­هایی را در جهت رفع این موانع و انجام هرچه بیشتر رفتار حفاظت آب ارائه دهد.

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