تحلیل محتوای سازوکارهای تخصیص منابع آب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه مدیریت و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 استاد گروه مدیریت و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

 رشد روزافزون مناطق مواجه با محدودیت منابع آب، اتخاذ راهبردهای مدیریت سازگارانه‌ی آب را در ورای روش‌های سنتی مدیریت عرضه و تقاضا، مُبدل به امری الزامی نموده‌است. تخصیص آب به‌عنوان یک روش مدیریتی مُنعطف، از این امکان برخوردار است که در هنگامه‌ تغییرات اقتصادی – اجتماعی، اقلیمی و شرایط زیست‌محیطی، به‌عنوان ممری جهت مقابله با محدودیت منابع آب، عمل نماید. تخصیص آب می‌تواند اشکال مختلفی داشته‌باشد که در استمرار، مقیاس فضایی، پیچیدگی و ساختارهای نهادی مورد نیاز، متفاوت هستند، که توجه به آن‌ها برای درک کارکردها تخصیص آب حائز اهمیت است. در این راستا، هدف اصلی تحقیق حاضر تببین کارکردهای تخصیص  از زاویه‌ی دید چهار سازوکار شامل تخصیص اداری، مذاکرات اجتماعی، تخصیص بازارمحور و تخصیص توانمند بود. بدین منظور، با  بهره‌گیری از روش نمونه‌گیری گلوله‌برفی، 45 عنوان مقاله با محوریت سازوکارهای مذکور انتخاب گردید و به روش کیفی مورد تحلیل قرارگرفت. فرآیند تحلیل با رویکردی استقرایی و با استفاده از تحلیل محتوای کیفی هدایت شد. در این رویکرد پس از انتخاب واحد تحلیل و واحدهای معنایی، مضامین تبیین‌کننده‌ی کارکردهای تخصیص تحت عنوان «بهره‌گیری از برنامه‌ریزی پویا و اهتمام به حفظ منابع زیست‌محیطی»، «توسعه‌ی نظام قیمت‌گذاری و تسهیم منافع حاصل از تخصیص» و «توسعه‌ی حکمرانی کنشگران نهادی» تعیین گردیدند. نتایج نشان داد که اکثر مکانیزم‌های مزبور دارای دیدگاهی تک بعدی می‌باشند و تنها یک مکانیزم دارای دیدگاهی جامع‌نگر بوده که بر مقولاتی چون تکثر حقوق و سازوکارها تأکید دارد. در نهایت تخصیص توانمند تنها سازوکاری است که بر مباحثی چون عدالت و کارایی به‌گونه‌ای آمیخته و متوازن توجه دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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تحقیقات اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی ایران
دوره 52، شماره 4
دی 1400
صفحه 923-938

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