بررسی رفاه ذهنی جوانان روستایی و تأثیر آن بر ماندگاری در روستا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکتری گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

چکیده

جوانان روستایی نقش عمده­ای در توسعه روستایی و کشاورزی دارند و اگر در منطقه روستایی خود باقی بمانند می‌توانند به کاهش فقر در آن منطقه کمک کنند. اما آشفتگی‌هایی در زمینه مهاجرت جوانان روستایی ایجاد شده که باعث هرج­‌و­مرج در اصلی‌ترین نیروی کار مناطق روستایی شده ‌است. یکی از عوامل مؤثر بر ماندگاری جوانان در روستا دستیابی آنها به رفاه اجتماعی است، در اکثر مطالعات تنها به بعد عینی رفاه پرداخته شده، و بعد ذهنی رفاه مورد غفلت قرار گرفته است. در حالی­که تفسیر ذهنی جوانان از محیط و کیفیت زندگی در روستا است که بر تصمیم‌گیری آنان بر ماندگاری در روستا تأثیر گذار است. لذا، هدف از انجام این پژوهش ارزیابی رفاه ذهنی جوانان روستایی و تأثیر آن بر ماندگاری در روستا است. جامعه آماری مورد مطالعه شامل 1058 نفر از جوانان روستایی شهرستان خرم آباد بود که با استفاده از جدول کرجسی و مورگان، حجم نمونه 281 نفر تعیین شد و برای دستیابی به افراد مورد مطالعه، از روش نمونه­‌گیری خوشه­‌ای چند مرحله­‌ای استفاده شد. جهت سنجش ابعاد رفاه ذهنی از پرسشنامه ساختار یافته  Fen et al (2013) استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد، میزان رفاه ذهنی اکثریت جوانان روستایی پایین بود و دختران دارای میانگین کمتری در ابعاد عزت نفس، هوش احساسی و هوش اجتماعی بودند. نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون نشان داد متغیرهای درآمد، وضعیت اشتغال، دسترسی به خدمات بهداشتی، وضعیت سلامتی، دسترسی به امکانات تفریحی، تحصیلات، همبستگی اجتماعی و فاصله از شهر بر رفاه ذهنی جوانان روستایی مؤثرند. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که رابطه مثبت و معناداری بین رفاه ذهنی جوانان روستایی و تمایل به ماندگاری در روستا وجود دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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تحقیقات اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی ایران
دوره 53، شماره 1
فروردین 1401
صفحه 21-35

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