تاثیر درجه آزادسازی تجاری بر امنیت غذایی دراقتصادهای متکی به درآمد نفتی(عضو اوپک)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه افتصاد، دانشکده اقتصاد و علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد،گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده اقتصاد و علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

چکیده

غذا و تغذیه از جمله نیازهای بنیادی جامعه بشری است که مفهومی فراتر از تأمین فیزیکی غذا دارد. امنیت غذایی تضمین‌کننده سلامت جامعه و بهبود کیفیت سرمایه انسانی است و بهبود کیفیت سرمایه انسانی منجر به توسعه انسانی و درنهایت قرار گرفتن جامعه در مسیر بلندمدت توسعه خواهد شد. از سوی دیگر تجارت بین‌الملل به عنوان یکی از ساز و کارهای موثر در تامین امنیت غذایی کشورها نقش تعیین کننده و کلیدی را ایفا می‌کند. تجارت بین الملل با آزادسازی تجاری، تولید و مصرف مواد غذایی را به هم مرتبط و محدودیتهای واردات و صادرات مواد غذایی را به حداقل می‌رساند. این تحقیق یک پژوهش تحلیلی-توصیفی است که برای انجام آن از مدل اقتصادسنجی پنل‌دیتا نامتوازن و از آزمون‌های متناسب با اطلاعات و داده‌های گردآوری شده بهره‌گیری شد. جهت تخمین مدل، تحلیل داده‌ها، برآورد، بررسی و آزمون فرضیات مطرح‌شده از نرم‌افزار Eviews10، استفاده گردید. نتایج این پژوهش، وجود رابطه مثبت و معنی‌دار درجه آزادسازی تجاری، ارزش افزوده کشاورزی، درآمد نفتی و جمعیت روستایی بر امنیت غذایی را تایید کرد. اما بین متغیر بیکاری و امنیت غذایی رابطه منفی و معنی‌داری را نشان داد. یافته‌های حاصل از برآورد و آزمون‌های مدل نشان داد که مدل تخمین‌زده‌ شده از برازش نسبتاً بالایی برخوردار است. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Impact of the Trade Openness on Food Security in Oil-Based Economies (OPEC Countries)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Akbar Khodabakhshi 1
  • Reza Golestaninasab 2
1 Assistant Pfofessor, Faculty of Economics Department, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
2 Master of Economics, Economics Dept, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Food and nutrition is one of the basic needs of human society and its provision lies in the comprehensive category and concept of food security. It is important to study the food security situation of countries in the present era because of its prominent role in the flourishing of human capital. Food security has an undeniable impact on the physical, social and psychological well-being of society, and this has led to the issue of food security going beyond the literal concept of "food security". On the other hand, international trade, as one of the effective mechanisms in ensuring food security of countries, plays a decisive and key role. International trade links food production and consumption with trade Openness and thus plays an important and effective role. Trade Openness minimizes restrictions on food imports and exports and motivates food-producing countries. Among all the rights given to individual’s community in the basic household needs, food security is one of the most important individual needs that governments are responsible for providing and has a broad and complex concept that is determined by the interaction of a set of biological, economic and social factors. The importance of food security is such that the eradication of poverty and hunger has been considered as one of the development goals in the third millennium. The World Bank has also identified food security as one of the important indicators of development and equated it with per capita income, equitable income distribution, employment rate, environmental protection and respect for human rights.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Value Added
  • Trade Openness
  • Unbalanced Data Pane

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تحقیقات اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی ایران
دوره 52، شماره 3
مهر 1400
صفحه 541-552

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