نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه مدیریت و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.
2 گروه مدیریت و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
Extended Abstract
Objectives
The highest amount of water consumption is in most countries and also in agriculture in Iran. But evidence suggests that farmers are not using the available water well. Water management as a tool in waste management, as a source of water to consumers and to their water effects. Consider the structural patterns of management as the themes that control and direct the management of water resources. These structural patterns are subdivided into three distinct bureaucratic hierarchies, networks and markets in a distinct classification. In the hierarchical bureaucratic structure of government, the state plays the most role. Whereas in the structural patterns of networks and markets, respectively, civil society and economics determine the theme of water resources management system, respectively. But this arena can be somewhat effective in managing water resources using water laws and regulations. The main purpose of this study was to analyze the content of agricultural water management components in the upstream documents.
Methodology
Since this research focused on the analysis of water management components, a qualitative approach for collecting and analyzing the data was used. In this regard, qualitative content analysis was taken into consideration. Qualitative content analysis is also a set of techniques used to systematically analyze different texts and not only the explicit content of the text but also the central themes and ideas of the text. This technique combines and organizes different information into groups or classes according to a specific criterion. And so, it delivers manifest and hidden concepts in the data.
Results and Discussion
Comprehensive planning of agricultural water management A:
Accordingly, the main feature that introduces the water market is its ability to reallocate water between different uses. The water market by preserving property rights, the formulation of certain rules for users can allow voluntary exchange of water under certain conditions. Creating water markets in the agricultural sector is a promising solution for increasing the economic efficiency of water, with farmers seizing opportunities to rent and sell water through improved water management practices. Water markets have high potential to alleviate poverty and increase rural households' welfare under water scarcity.
Awareness and participation B:
Awareness and participation are the social elements of agricultural water management. Indeed, farmers who use water resources to grow their crops need to be aware of the status of water resources reserves. This helps them use the sensitivity needed to use these resources. Farmers should also adopt appropriate irrigation practices, depending on the type of crop they plant. Therefore, they should receive the necessary training in this field. Training can be helpful to know the status of water resources and to plan properly for the amount and time of irrigation water use.
Control over the right to exploit water resources C:
The designation of water bodies, the assignment of the right to exploit, interfere with the rule of law, and exploit within the framework of legal licenses, results in the optimal utilization and management of water resources. The complexity of water rights is very wide and wide due to the variety of issues and issues to be addressed.
Optimization and monitoring of water resources conservation D:
Optimizing consumption with modern technologies can help manage agricultural water consumption. Today, using the tools and knowledge available, a wide range of water resources can be used. For example, this can be achieved through dams, pumping underground aquifers, drilling and pipes, water reclamation, water and wastewater treatment, drainage collection, desalination, cloud fertilization, storage and restoration of synthetic aquifers.
Conclusion
In general, the above mentioned components show awareness and participation, optimization and monitoring of water resource utilization, comprehensive agricultural water management planning and monitoring of water resource utilization rights. Water management has complex dimensions and angles and many elements are involved in water management. However, the results of this study showed that:
Training can be helpful to know the status of water resources and to plan properly for the amount and time of irrigation water use. Training in this area can help optimize the use of agricultural water, ways to prevent water loss, modern irrigation systems and a suitable cropping pattern with the amount of water in the area. Undoubtedly familiarizing farmers with the principles of water conservation and motivating them to protect them from wastage, degradation and pollution of water resources.
Providing training programs aimed at introducing the benefits of participation in organizations can pave the way for member accountability. In this regard, the establishment of organizations and groups is an important and effective step in the sustainability of resources and in increasing the efficiency and efficiency of irrigation water use and agricultural production. Improving irrigation efficiency, preventing water loss, better solving water supply problems, protecting and maintaining infrastructure and water supply networks are among the goals of organizations and groups.
Nowadays, using the tools and technologies available, a wide range of water resources can be provided through barrier construction, pumping of underground aquifers, drilling of canals and pipes.
But water management is the planning, development, distribution and optimal use of water resources. In the hierarchical bureaucratic structure, the state plays the most role. Whereas in structural models, respectively, civil society and the economy determine the theme of the water resources management system. Water management in the public sector means formulating and enforcing laws and procedures for water policy and its implementation, meaning a wide range of policy, institutional and administrative actions that relate to water resource management and control.
Laws and regulations in the field of water do not have proper coherence and integrity and at any point in time, the legislator has adopted the law in accordance with its needs and short-term attitude. As a result, the context of law-making has intensified in a country where policies are designed without regard to planning and legislative capacity, and the legal dimension is taken into account without regard to enforcement capacity.
For research articles with several authors, a short paragraph specifying their individual contributions must be provided. The following statements should be used “Conceptualization, H.Sh.F., A.A.and E.M.; methodology, H.Sh.F.; software, E.M.; validation, E.M., A.A. andH.Sh.F.; formal analysis, E.M.; investigation, E.M.; resources, A.A.; data curation, E.M.; writing—original draft preparation, E.M.; writing—review and editing, E.M. and H.Sh.F.; visualization, E.M.; supervision, H.Sh.F.; project administration, H.Sh.F. and A.A.; funding acquisition, E.M. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.”
“Not applicable”
The authors would like to thank all participants of the present study. The Directorate of Research and Technology at the University of Tehran has also supported this research, which is highly acknowledged.
Ethical considerations
The authors avoided data fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, and misconduct.
The author declares no conflict of interest.
)