برآورد الگوی بهره وری کل عوامل تولید گندم آبی ایران با تأکید بر نقش سیاست اقتصاد دانش بنیان در امنیت غذایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 استاد گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 استادیار تحقیقات اقتصاد کشاورزی مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،کرج، ایران.

چکیده

ارتقای بهره‌وری در راستای تأمین امنیت غذایی مهم‌ترین هدف سیاست اقتصاد دانش‌بنیان در ایران است. رهیافتی که پیروی از آن، با توجه به چالش‌های پیش‌روی تولید با رویکرد سنتی، بیش از پیش احساس می‌شود. در این راستا، دولت‌ها با توجه به اهمیت گندم به عنوان یکی از مهم‌ترین محصولات راهبردی کشور، از طریق سرمایه‌گذاری‌ در برنامه‌های تحقیقاتی و ترویجی اصلاح ارقام،‌ همواره درصدد ارتقای بهره‌وری برای تأمین امنیت غذایی می‌باشند. با این وجود، موفقیت در تحقیقات امری ضروری است تا بدین وسیله بهره‌وری افزایش یابد. مطالعه‌ی حاضر تلاش می‌کند با محاسبه‌ی منافع حاصل از تحقیقات به‌نژادی 10 رقم از ارقام منتخب گندم آبی، اثر منافع تجمعی حاصل از تحقیقات به‌نژادی موفق را بر بهره‌وری کل عوامل تولید گندم آبی ایران، طی سال‌های 1396-1375 برآورد کند. برای این منظور، نخست شاخص بهره‌وری کل عوامل تولید به روش شاخص ترینکوئیست تیل محاسبه شد. سپس، الگوی بهره‌وری کل عوامل تولید گندم آبی به روش وقفه توزیعی آلمون، برآورد شد. نتایج حاکی از آن است که یک درصد افزایش در منافع تجمعی حاصل از تحقیقات به‌نژادی ارقام منتخب گندم آبی، بهره‌وری کل عوامل تولید را به میزان 19/0 درصد افزایش می‌دهد. همچنین، یک درصد افزایش در مخارج ترویج و آموزش ارقام اصلاح شده‌ی گندم، بهره‌وری کل عوامل تولید را طی شش دوره به میزان 03/0 درصد افزایش می‌دهد. لذا، پیشنهاد می‌شود با بهبود برنامه‌های آموزشی و ترویجی، زمینه‌ی پذیرش ارقام اصلاح شده توسط کشاورزان از طریق افزایش سطح آگاهی، فراهم شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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تحقیقات اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی ایران
دوره 53، شماره 1
فروردین 1401
صفحه 179-202

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