تعیین عوامل مؤثر بر رفتار حفاظت از برق خانوارهای روستایی استان خوزستان: کابرد مدل فعال سازی هنجار (NAM)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده‌ی مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، اهواز، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده‌ی مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، اهواز، ایران

3 دانش‌آموخته‌ی دکتری ترویج و آموزش کشاوری و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده‌ی مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

     نسبت مصرف برق مسکونی به کل مصرف انرژی در دهه­های گذشته در سراسر جهان به سرعت افزایش یافته است. درک نقش عوامل روانشناختی در زمینه رفتار حفاظت از برق در ارتقاء رفتارهای صرفه­جویی در مصرف برق و کاهش آلودگی­های زیست­محیطی برای توسعه پایدار یک کشور بسیار مهم است. در این مطالعه، به منظور بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر رفتار حفاظت از برق، از مدل فعال­سازی هنجار استفاده گردید. جامعه آماری پژوهش را خانوارهای روستایی دو شهرستان باغملک و حمیدیه در استان خوزستان (8450=N) تشکیل داده و با استفاده از فرمول کوکران، نمونه­ای به حجم 440 خانوار تعیین و از روش نمونه­گیری چند مرحله­ای خوشه­ای تصادفی، خانوارها انتخاب شدند. ابزار جمع­آوری اطلاعات، پرسشنامه­ای بود که روایی صوری آن توسط متخصصین شامل دو گروه اعضای هیأت علمی گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی و کارشناسان سازمان آب و برق تأیید گردید. افزون بر این، برای تعیین میزان پایایی بخش­های مختلف پرسشنامه، از پیش آزمون و محاسبه ضریب آلفا کرونباخ استفاده شد که بین 72/0 تا 92/0 بود و مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. به منظور تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ها جهت آمار توصیفی، همبستگی و رگرسیون از نرم افزار (SPSS(V20 استفاده شده است. نتایج آزمون همبستگی نشان داد متغیر رفتار با متغیرهای آگاهی از عواقب، خودکارآمدی، مسئولیت­پذیری موقعیتی، هنجار اخلاقی، آگاهی از نیاز، احساس غرور و احساس گناه رابطه مثبت و معنادار دارد. به طور کلی نتایج این بررسی نشان داد، هنجار اخلاقی، احساس گناه و احساس غرور بر رفتار خانوارهای روستایی نسبت به حفاظت از برق تاثیر دارند. نتایج این مطالعه پیامدهای مهمی برای سیاست­گذاران که هدف آن­ها ترویج طیف گسترده­ای از رفتارهای صرفه­جویی در برق می­باشد را به همراه دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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تحقیقات اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی ایران
دوره 53، شماره 1
فروردین 1401
صفحه 75-89

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