تحلیل عوامل مؤثر بر تقاضای مشتق شده ی گندم و پیش بینی آن با تأکید بر ترجیحات مصرف کننده

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصاد، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران و کارشناس آمار کشوری، مرکز آمار ایران

چکیده

با توجه به افزایش روزافزون تقاضای گندم به‌عنوان نهاده تولید در کشورهای درحال‌توسعه و ضروری بودن این محصول در سبد خانوار، الگوسازی صحیح تابع تقاضای گندم و تعیین عوامل مؤثر برای برنامه‌ریزی و همچنین پیش‌بینی برای تأمین به‌موقع با هزینه­های کم اقتصادی و اجتماعی، دارای اهمیت زیادی است. در این مطالعه با استفاده از مفهوم روند ضمنی و ایجاد یک مدل- فضا حالت، با به‌کارگیری الگوریتم کالمن فیلتر، تقاضای گندم با تأکید بر ترجیحات مصرف‌کننده به‌عنوان نهاده تولید (تقاضای مشتق شده) برای دوره زمانی 1395-1361 برآورد شد. نتایج حاکی از غیر هموار و غیرخطی بودن روند ضمنی (ترجیحات مصرف‌کننده) است. کشش­های قیمتی و درآمدی تقاضای مشتق شده گندم کمتر از یک به ترتیب 0270/0- و 2148/0 برآورد گردید؛ بنابراین ازیک‌طرف گندم به‌عنوان یک محصول ضروری با درجه ضروریت بالا شناسایی شد و از طرف دیگر بنظر می رسد سیاست­های قیمتی و درآمدی برای کاهش مصرف، کارایی لازم را ندارند؛ بنابراین با توجه به ترجیحات مصرف‌کننده و ضروری بودن این محصول در سبد خانوار، سیاست  مصرف درست، پیشنهاد می­شود. افزایش راندمان در صنایع تبدیلی از جمله راهکارهای مصرف درست و کاهش تقاضای روزافزون این محصول است. نتایج حاصل از پیش‌بینی (در سال 1401 مقدار پیش بینی شده 48/24 میلیون تن) با لحاظ ترجیحات مصرف­کننده در الگو روند افزایش تقاضای گندم را نشان می­دهد. ازاین‌رو مدیران و برنامه­ریزان لازم است با اتخاذ تصمیماتی ازیک‌طرف تقاضا را کاهش داده و از طرف دیگر گندم موردنیاز برای صنایع تبدیلی را تأمین کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of Factors Affecting Wheat Derived Demand and Its Forecasting with Emphasis on Consumer Preferences

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Kohansal 1
  • Bahareh Zandi Dareh GHaribi 2
  • Meisam Haddad 3
1 Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 Ph.D. Student in Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
3 Ph.D. Student in Economics, Faculty of Administrative Sciences and Economics, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran and expert in National Statistics, Statistics Center of Iran
چکیده [English]

Given the ever-increasing demand for wheat as an Input production in developing countries and the necessity of this product in the household basket, the accurate modeling of the Wheat demand function and determining effective factors for planning, as well as predictions for timely provision with low economic and social costs is important. In this study using underlying trend concept and creating a state - space model and kalman filter algorithms the wheat demand was estimated with emphasis on consumer preferences as a production input (derived demand) during 1982-2017. The results are non-smooth and Nonlinear trend (consumer preferences). Income and pricing elasticity of wheat derived demand less than one were estimated to be -0.0270 and 0.2148, respectively. So from one side Wheat was identified as An essential product with a high degree of urgent need and on the other hand price and income policies are not efficient enough to reduce consumption; So according to consumer preferences and the necessity of this product in the household basket, saving policy and consume right along with reducing waste it is suggested. Increasing efficiency in the conversion industry is one of the other ways to properly consume and reduce the ever-increasing demand for this product. The results of the prediction (in 2023, the projected amount is 24.48 million tons) with respect to consumer preferences in the model showed an increasing trend in wheat demand. Therefore, policymakers on the one hand can reduce demand by making decisions and the other hand provide the wheat needed for the conversion industry.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Derived Demand
  • Wheat demand forecast
  • Consumer preferences
  • Kalman Filter algorithm
  • State-Space

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تحقیقات اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی ایران
دوره 52، شماره 4
دی 1400
صفحه 895-908

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