مؤلفه‌های برسازنده فضای کسب و کارهای خرد زنان روستایی؛ مورد مطالعه استان‌های گیلان و مازندران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری ترویج کشاورزی دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، اهواز،‌ایران

2 استاد گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، اهواز، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، اهواز، ایران

4 دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

در دهه اخیر، بهبود فضای کسب و کار مورد توجه جدی دست­اندرکاران توسعه قرار گرفته است. در حوزه پژوهش، اگرچه مطالعاتی به بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر فضای کسب و کارِ کشور در معنای عام آن پرداخته­اند، به­نظر می­رسد ماهیت­شناسی و مفهوم­سازی از آن در حیطه­های موضوعیِ خاص مورد غفلت قرار گرفته است. در همین رابطه، این پژوهش اکتشافیِ آمیخته با هدف شناسایی مؤلفه­های برسازنده فضای کسب و کارهای زنان روستایی در استان­های گیلان و مازندران انجام شد. انتخاب افراد نمونه بر پایه اصول نمونه­گیری غیراحتمالی صورت گرفت. داده­های کیفی از طریق مصاحبه­های نیمه­­ساختار یافته­ گرد­آوری و با روش تئوری داده­بنیان و کاربرد نرم­افزار ATLAS.ti تحلیل گردید. کدهای برآمده از متن مصاحبه­ با 24 مطلع کلیدی، در قالب 9 طبقه اصلی دسته­بندی و در فرایند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی با نرم­افزار Super Decision وزن­دهی شدند. یافته­ها حکایت از آن داشت که فضای کسب و کارهای زنان روستایی در مقایسه با بنگاه­های بزرگ صنعتی و حتی بنگاه­های روستایی کوچک تحت کنترل مردان، از ماهیت، ترکیب و اولویت­های متفاوتی برخوردار است. در میان طبقات مفهومی برآمده، وضعیت بازارها؛ استراتژی­ها و سیاست­های کلان حاکمیت؛ قوانین و مقررات؛ و زیرساخت­های فیزیکی و زیستی، به ترتیب و در فاصله­ای قابل توجه با سایر مؤلفه­ها، بالاترین وزن­ها را به خود اختصاص دادند که بر ضرورت توجه و اولویت آن­ها در پروژه­های حمایت از کسب و کارهای زنان روستایی دلالت دارد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Constituent Components of Rural Women's Microenterprise Ecosystem; Study in Guilan and Mazandaran provinces

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Tahmasbi 1
  • Bahman Khosravipour 2
  • MASOUD BARADARAN 3
  • Mansour Ghanian 4
1 PhD. Student in Agricultural Extension of Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khozestan, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Professor of Agricultural Extension and Education Department, Agricultural Science and Natural Recourses University of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran
3 Associate Professor of Agricultural Extension and Education Department, Agricultural Science and Natural Recourses University of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Agricultural Extension and Education Department, Agricultural Science and Natural Recourses University of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

In recent decade, improving of business ecosystem has attracted the attention of policy-makers. In the research area, although some studies appraised efficacious factors on development of country's business ecosystem in its general meaning, its identification and conceptualization in specific subject areas have been neglected. In this regard, the current exploratory study has been conducted in order to identification and explanation of constituent components of rural women's enterprise ecosystem in Guilan and Mazandaran provinces. Research sample individuals have been selected in terms of non-probability sampling. The qualitative data were collected by conducting detailed semi-structured interviews to obtain theoretical saturation, and then analyzed through applying ATLAS.ti software. Finding of this section categorized the conceptual emergent codes from detailed interviews with 24 key informants into 9 super-families of constituent components of rural woman's enterprise ecosystem. Consequently, applying a researcher-made questionnaire, the 9 emergent categories were reciprocally compared in the hierarchical analysis process with the use of Super Decision software. Findings showed rural woman's enterprise ecosystem has different entity, combination and priorities in comparison to large-scale industrial enterprises and even small rural enterprises controlled by men. Among resulting conceptual categories, market condition; government's main strategies and politics; regulations; physical and biological infrastructures had the highest weights respectively, with a considerable interval from the other components, implying on their priorities and attention necessity in supportive projects for rural women's regional enterprises.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • rural development
  • rural microenterprises
  • women empowerment
  • agricultural value chain

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تحقیقات اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی ایران
دوره 51، شماره 4
دی 1399
صفحه 731-744

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