روند جهانی شدن فرهنگ و تاثیر آن بر معماری روستایی (مورد مطالعه: روستای گل‌تپه، استان کردستان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد توسعه روستایی،‌ گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی،‌ دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه،‌ ایران

2 استادیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی،‌ دانشکده کشاورزی،‌ دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

چکیده

جهانی شدن، تغییرات بسیاری بر حیات بشری، به­ویژه فرهنگ محلی و معماری روستایی وارد کرده، به­گونه­ای که فرهنگ بومی معماری دگرگون گشته و بیم آن می­رود که معماری سنتی  چندهزار ساله­­ی سازگار با محیط نابود شود. لذا، بررسی روند این تحولات و  شناسایی پیامدهای ناشی از آن می­تواند راهکارهایی را پیش­روی مسوولان قرار دهد تا مانع از نابودی این فرهنگ شوند. این تحقیق با هدف مطالعه روند تحولات معماری خانه­های روستایی در نیم قرن اخیر به روش تحقیق کیفی قوم­نگاری انجام شد. مشاهده، مصاحبه نیمه ساختارمند و عکس ابزار گردآوری داده­هایی بود که با تحلیل محتوا و شبیه­سازی معماری خانه­ با به­کارگیری نرم­افزار Sweet Home  3D تحلیل شدند. یکی از خانه­های روستا در چهار دوره­ی مختلف شبیه­سازی و خلاصه­ای از فرهنگ محلی به­دست آمد. سپس، ویژگی‌های معماری سنتی و مدرن و پیامدهای ناشی از این معماری­ها شناسایی شد. نتایج نشان داد که تغییر در ساختار فضایی خانه سبب تغییراتی در کارکرد و الگوهای رفتاری شده است. با تغییر در کارکرد یک خانه، بخش یا بخش­هایی از ساختار آن بدون ­استفاده مانده که در گذر زمان آن بخش یا به کارکرد دیگری اختصاص داده شده یا از ساختار خانه حذف شده است.

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