بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر خردی و پراکندگی اراضی کشاورزی در استان آذربایجان شرقی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری توسعه کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 استاد دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی دانشگاه تهران

3 استاد گروه مدیریت و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

کاهش بهره‌وری و افزایش هزینه‌های تولید ناشی از خردی و پراکندگی نامنظم قطعات زراعی و باغی یکی از موانع عمده دستیابی به توسعه پایدار کشاورزی است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر خردی و پراکندگی اراضی کشاورزی در استان آذربایجان شرقی صورت گرفت تا با شناسایی این عوامل، بتوان راه‌کارهای مناسب جهت ساماندهی وضعیت موجود اراضی کشاورزی ارائه داد. جامعه آماری این تحقیق را بهره‌برداران بخش کشاورزی ساکن در استان آذربایجان شرقی تشکیل دادند (212926N=). حجم نمونه با استفاده از فرمول کوکران 380 نفر برآورد شد که به­روش نمونه‌گیری طبقه‌ای انتخاب شدند. ابزار تحقیق پرسشنامه بود که روایی آن با استفاده از نظرات گروهی از پژوهشگران دانشگاهی و متخصصان حوزه خردی و پراکندگی اراضی کشاورزی سازمان امور اراضی کشور مورد بررسی، بازبینی و اصلاح قرار گرفت. پایایی پرسشنامه با محاسبه آلفای کرونباخ (85/0) تأیید شد. نتایج حاصل از تحلیل عاملی نشان داد که متغیرهای مورد مطالعه در شش عامل فنی- اقتصادی، فیزیکی-کالبدی، کیفی-اجتماعی، نظارتی، تاریخی-مذهبی و زراعی گروه‌بندی شدند. این شش عامل 13/65 درصد واریانس عوامل تعیین‌کننده خردی و پراکندگی اراضی کشاورزی در منطقه مورد مطالعه را تبیین کردند. بر اساس نتایج تحلیل عاملی، عامل فنی- اقتصادی (سنتی بودن نظام‌های بهره‌برداری، ابتدایی بودن امکانات و شیوه‌های تولید کشاورزی در مناطق روستایی، پایین بودن بهره‌وری اراضی کشاورزی، فاصله قطعات از منبع آب، وجود قوانین و سیاست‌های کشاورزی نامناسب، نبود الگوی مناسب کشت و فقدان قدرت مالی کشاورزان جهت خرید و یا معاوضه قطعات) مهم‌ترین عامل خردی و پراکندگی اراضی کشاورزی در استان آذربایجان شرقی بود.

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