تحلیل مزیت‌ها و محدودیت‌های توسعه مکانیزاسیون کشاورزی: موردکاوی ماشین نشاءکار برنج در شهرستان ساری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد-دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

3 دانشیار-دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

چکیده

از نظر تاریخی، ماشین‌آلات مقرون به صرفه که ظرفیت و استاندارد تولید را افزایش داده و باعت بهبود بهره‌وری شوند از عناصر کلیدی مکانیزاسیون کشاورزی هستند. ماشین نشاءکار در تولید برنج چنین نقش کلیدی را ایفا می‌کند. هدف تحقیق توصیفی-پیمایشی حاضر شناسایی و تحلیل مزیت‌ها و محدودیت‌های استفاده از ماشین‌‌ نشاءکار در مزارع برنج شهرستان ساری بود. جامعه آماری تحقیق شامل 180 نفر از کارشناسان و متخصصان کشاورزی و 5560 نفر از برنجکاران شهرستان مذکور بود. بر اساس فرمول کوکران از گروه اول 90 نفر و از گروه دوم هم 160 نفر به عنوان نمونه تعیین شدند. برای گزینش نمونه­ها از روش نمونه­گیری طبقه‌ای با انتساب متناسب از بین دو دهستان و 14 روستا استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که دو گروه پاسخگویان در مورد مزیت‌های دستگاه توافق نظر داشتند و مواردی از قبیل سلامت کشاورزان، کاهش هزینه‌های نیروی کار و صرفه‌جویی در وقت را مورد تأکید قرار دادند. در مورد محدودیت‌ها هم نتایج نشان داد که کشاورزان بیشتر بر محدودیت‌های اقتصادی و کارشناسان بر محدودیت‌های فنی و آموزشی تأکید کرده‌اند. نتایج تحلیل عاملی محدودیت‌ها هم نشان داد که محدودیت‌های «فنی و حمایتی»، «اقتصادی»، «آموزشی- ترویجی» و «اجتماعی-فرهنگی» در مجموع 42/63 درصد واریانس محدودیت‌های استفاده از ماشین‌ نشاءکار را تبیین کردند. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analyzing Advantages and Barriers of Agricultural Mechanization Development: Case Rice Transplanter Machine in Sari County

چکیده [English]

Historically, affordable machinery, which increased capability and standard of production and improved productivity, are key elements of agricultural mechanization. Transplanter machines in rice cultivation play such key role. The purpose of current descriptive-survey research was identifying and analyzing advantages and barriers to use of transplanter machine in rice fields of Sari County. Statistical population consist of all agricultural experts and agents (N=180) and rice cultivators (N=5560) in Sari County. By using Cochran formula, 90 experts and 160 farmers selected as samples. Stratified sampling method with appropriate allocation within 2 sub-district and 14 villages was used to select farmers. The results showed that the two groups of respondents have consensus on advantages of the machine and emphasized on farmer healthy, reduced labor cost and saved time. In the case of barriers, the results indicated that farmer highlighted economical barriers and expert emphasized on technical and educational barriers. The results of factor analysis for barriers revealed that the “technical-supportive barriers”, “economical barriers”, “extension-education barriers” and “socio-cultural barriers” explained 63.42% variance related to barriers of using transplanter machine.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agricultural mechanization
  • Rice cultivation
  • Transplanter machine
  • Sari County

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تحقیقات اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی ایران
دوره 48، شماره 1
خرداد 1396
صفحه 109-122

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