بررسی نقش شایستگی ها و عوامل محیطی بر موفقیت کارآفرینان روستایی شهرستان کرمانشاه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت ، واحد کرمانشاه ،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرمانشاه، ایران

2 دانشگاه لرستان، دانشکده کشاورزی، گروه توسعه روستایی

3 دانشگاه رازی، دانشکده کشاورزی، گروه ترویج کشاورزی و توسعه روستایی

چکیده

هدف از این پژوهش بررسی اثر شایستگی­ها و عوامل محیطی مؤثر بر موفقیت کارآفرینان روستایی شهرستان کرمانشاه است. جامعه آماری مورد مطالعه شامل 110 نفر از کارآفرینان روستایی بود که با استفاده از جدول کرجسی و مورگان، حجم نمونه 86 نفر تعیین شد و برای دستیابی دقیق به افراد مورد مطالعه، از روش نمونه­گیری تصادفی طبقه­ای استفاده شد. به منظور گردآوری داده­ها، از ابزار پرسشنامه و برای تجزیه و تحلیل یافته­ها از تحلیل همبستگی و رگرسیون سلسله مراتبی استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که شایستگی­های سازماندهی و رهبری، فرصت و روابط از مهم­ترین شایستگی­های مؤثر بر موفقیت هستند. از دیدگاه کارآفرینان روستایی، محیط کسب و کار فعلی محیطی پویا و متخاصم است که در چنین محیطی کارآفرین برای کسب موفقیت نیازمند انعطاف­پذیری بالایی است و ماندگاری کسب و کار، بیشتر از سودآوری ارزشمند است. نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون سلسله مراتبی نیز نشان داد که متغیر محیط در رابطه بین شایستگی و موفقیت، نقش تعدیل کننده را ایفا می­کند. بنابر یافته­ها می­توان گفت که بخشی از اثر شایستگی بر موفقیت کارآفرینان از طریق محیط تبیین می­شود. بنابراین، در یک محیط پویا و متخاصم، کارآفرینانی که سطح بالایی از شایستگی­ها را دارند بهتر از کارآفرینانی با سطح پایین شایستگی عمل می­کنند.

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