آثار زیست محیطی افزایش قیمت حامل‌های انرژی: استخراج ماتریس حسابداری اجتماعی ‌محیط زیستی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

2 استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی- دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

چکیده

مطالعه حاضر به منظور بررسی آثار زیست محیطی افزایش قیمت حامل‌های انرژی صورت پذیرفته است. در این راستا ماتریس حسابداری اجتماعی- محیط زیستی اقتصاد ایران در سال 1385 تهیه شده است. با استفاده از الگوی قیمتی ماتریس حسابداری اجتماعی، تغییرات قیمت ناشی از افزایش قیمت حامل‌ها محاسبه و با استفاده از ضرایب فزاینده ESAM میزان انتشار آلودگی برآورد گردید. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش قیمت حامل‌های انرژی، قیمت تمام شده تولید و شاخص قیمت مصرف‌کننده افزایش یافته است. بیشترین افزایش قیمت تمام شده مربوط به بخش انرژی با 09/680 درصد افزایش می‌باشد. این آثار تقاضای انرژی را کاهش داده است. بخش‌های صنعت و معدن و خدمات با بیشترین کاهش درآمد و تقاضای نهاده انرژی روبرو بوده‌اند. با توجه به اینکه مصرف انرژی یکی از مهم‌ترین منابع آلودگی‌های زیست محیطی است، افزایش قیمت حامل‌های انرژی، کاهش انتشار آلودگی‌های محیط زیستی را به دنبال داشته است. به گونه‌ای که اجرای سیاست افزایش قیمت حامل‌های انرژی آلودگی‌های محیط زیستی را 83/5 درصد کاهش داده است.

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