کاربرد مدل توازن در ارزیابی استان‌ها در زمینة کارایی مصرف نهاده‌های شیمیایی کشاورزی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیئت علمی و دانشیار دانشکدة ریاضی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت

2 دانشجوی دکتری تحقیق در عملیات دانشکدة ریاضی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت

3 عضو هیئت‌علمی دانشکدة مدیریت کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

چکیده

تحقیق حاضر با ارائة مدل توازن، در پی سنجش سطوح کارایی استان‌ها در راستای سیاست‌های بخش کشاورزی برای کاهش مصرف نهاده‌های شیمیایی (انواع کودها و سموم) به‌تفکیک دو محصول گندم و جو است. به‌این‌منظور، اطلاعات دو محصول گندم و جو در زمینة نهاده‌های زمین، بذر، کود (ازت، فسفات و سایر انواع کود)، سم (علف‌کش، آفت‌کش و بیماری‌کش) و میزان تولید از طریق ادارة کل آمار و اطلاعات وزارت جهاد کشاورزی برای استان‌های کشور و در سال زراعی 1387- 1388 جمع‌آوری شد. کارایی استان­ها با استفاده از مدل پایه‌ای (CCR: Charnes, Cooper and Rhodes) (بدون درنظرگرفتن سیاست‌های راهبردی)، مدل توازن (با درنظرگرفتن سیاست‌های راهبردی) و عامل توازن (که نسبت نمره‌های حاصل از دو مدل مذکور است) به‌دست آمد. نتایج نشان می­دهد بعضی از استان‌های محروم (ایلام، بوشهر، لرستان، چهارمحال‌وبختیاری و خوزستان) نمرة بالایی در عامل توازن دارند، اما به‌علت هم‌راستایی با سیاست‌های توسعة پایدار بخش، از نظر کارایی، سطح بالایی ندارند، درحالی‌که بعضی از استان‌های توسعه‌یافته (تهران، قم، اصفهان، مازندران و مرکزی)، علی‌رغم کارایی مطلوب، در زمینة عامل توازن امتیاز مطلوبی ندارند. این موضوع بیانگر آن است که آن‌ها نتوانسته‌اند در راستای سیاست‌های زیست­محیطی کلان بخش کشاورزی حرکت کنند.

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