برآورد تابع تقاضای حامل های انرژی در بخش کشاورزی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد دانشکدة اقتصاد و توسعة کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران

2 استاد دانشکدة اقتصاد و توسعة کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

امروزه نهادة انرژی در کنار نهادة نیروی کار و سرمایه نقش مهمی در تولید کشاورزی ایفا می‌کند. انرژی نهاده‌ای مورد نیاز برای فعالیت ماشین‌آلات و ادوات کشاورزی است. بحث حائز اهمیت در این زمینه مربوط به میزان واکنش تقاضای انرژی به تغییرات قیمت حامل‌های انرژی و سایر نهاده‌های تولیدی است. از این‌‌رو، مطالعة حاضر به تخمین توابع تقاضای نهاده­های انرژی در بخش کشاورزی شامل برق و نفت گاز و برآورد کشش­های قیمتی و جانشینی (آلن و موریشیما) میان نهاده­های مصرفی پرداخت. برای این منظور، از تابع هزینة ترانسلوگ استفاده شد. نتایج این تحقیق نشان می­دهد، نهاده‌های برق- نفت گاز و برق- سرمایة جانشین‌اند و دو نهادة نفت گاز و سرمایه مکمل یکدیگرند و به‌طور کلی نفت گاز در مقایسه با برق نسبت به تغییرات قیمت -نفت گاز و برق- حساسیت بیشتری نشان می‌دهد؛ بنابراین، توصیه می­شود با توجه به ارزان‌تربودن و پاک‌تربودن انرژی الکتریکی، سیاست‌ها در راستای افزایش تقاضای برق و کاهش مصرف نفت گاز باشد و برای این منظور بهتر است سیاست‌های قیمتی به‌گونه‌ای اتخاذ شوند تا نفت گاز به‌طور مستقیم و به‌تبع آن برق از آن تأثیر بگیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Estimation of energy demand function in agricultural sector of Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Motahareh Bakhshahyesh 1
  • Saeed Yazdani 2
1 Graduate MSc. Student, Faculty of Economics and Development, University of Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Faculty of Economics and Development, University of Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Nowadays, factor of energy besides other factors such as labor and capital plays an important role in agricultural production. Energy is used as a factor for agricultural machines and instruments. Important discussion about this subject is the reaction rate of energy demand to price variations of energy and other factors. So, this study estimates the functions of energy demand in agricultural sector including electricity and diesel, and calculates the price and substitution elasticity (Allen and Morishima) between the used factors. For this purpose, trans-log cost function is used. The results showed that, the relationship between factors such as electricity and diesel, electricity and capital are substituted and the same, for diesel and capital are complemented. In general diesel in comparison with electricity is more sensitive to the variation of price (diesel & electricity). So, regarding that electricity is more cleaner and cheaper than other energy factors, it is recommended that policies encourage electricity demand and reduce diesel consumption; and for this purpose it is better to apply price policies such as diesel directly and consequently electricity to be affected.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • diesel
  • electricity
  • energy demand of agricultural sector
  • substitution elasticity
  • trans-log
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