بررسی راهکارهای توسعة توانمندی‌های کارآفرینانة دانشجویان دوره‌های علمی- کاربردی کشاورزی (مورد مطالعه: مرکز آموزش عالی امام خمینی (ره))

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار مرکز آموزش عالی امام خمینی (ره)، موسسه عالی علمی-کاربردی جهاد کشاورزی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی

2 مربی مرکز آموزش عالی امام خمینی (ره)، موسسه عالی علمی-کاربردی جهاد کشاورزی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی

3 دانشجوی دکتری ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی دانشکدة اقتصاد و توسعة کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران

4 استادیار دانشکدة کارآفرینی دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

مهندسی دوبارة ساختار­های دولتی در کشورهای درحال توسعه برای افزایش قدرت حاکمیتی سازمان­های دولتی و افزایش نقش بخش غیر دولتی در توسعة کشاورزی موجب ظهور ظرفیت­های جدیدی برای کارآفرینان و تعمیق موقعیت ایشان در مدیریت و پیشبرد این تحولات شد. نظام آموزش عالی کشاورزی برای حفظ جایگاه مسئولیتی و بهبود توان تأثیرگذاری خود در توسعة کشور، لازم است با افزایش کیفیت برنامه­ریزی آموزشی در تربیت منابع انسانی کارآفرین گام­های اساسی بردارد. معضلات و چالش­های فراروی مراکز آموزش علمی- کاربردی کشاورزی در تربیت این منابع با توجه به ضعف کارآفرینی دانش­آموختگان این مراکز، شناخت و اجرای راهکارهای توسعة توانمندی­های کارآفرینانة دانشجویان را ضروری کرد. تحقیق حاضر با همین هدف و با روش پیمایشی انجام گرفت. در سال 1391، جامعة آماری دانشجویان کشاورزی درحال تحصیل در آن مرکز 1595 نفر بود که با استفاده از فرمول کوکران حجم نمونه 195 نفر تعیین شد. ابزار سنجش پرسشنامه­ای بود که روایی و پایایی آن تأیید شد. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد میانگین رتبه­ای تأثیر راهکارهای توسعة توانمندی­های کارآفرینانة دانشجویان بیش از حد متوسط است (53/3 از 5). همچنین، عوامل «ارائة خدمات مشاوره­ای» و «برنامه­ریزی برای بهبود مهارت­های کارآفرینی» به‌ترتیب 48/20 و 47/19 درصد واریانس راهکارها را تبیین می­کنند. در پایان، پیشنهاد شد «تالار ورودی (Corridor) تخصصی مشاورة کسب‌وکار در مراکز آموزش عالی علمی- کاربردی کشاورزی» ایجاد شود. همچنین، «باید برنامه­ریزی جامعی برای بهبود مهارت­های کسب‌وکار و کارآفرینی دانشجویان از طریق تلفیق مباحث کارآفرینی در سرفصل­های دروس فنی و تخصصی رشته­های کشاورزی» صورت گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the approaches for development of student’s entrepreneurial capabilities in agricultural scientific-applied courses (Case study: Imam Khomeini Higher Education Center (ihec))

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Davood Hajimirrahimi 1
  • Abdollah Mokhber Dezfooli 2
  • Hesamoddin Gholami 3
  • Morteza Akbari 4
  • Abbas Noroozi 1
1 Assistant Professor, Imam Khomeini Higher Education Center, Jihad-e-Keshavarzi Ministry, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Imam Khomeini Higher Education Center, Jihad-e-Keshavarzi Ministry, Iran
3 Ph.D. Candidate, Agricultural Extension and Education Department, Agricultural Economics and Development Faculty, Uinversity of Tehran, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Entrepreneurship Faculty, University of Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Reengineering the governmental construction in developing countries for enhancement of government organization power and enhancement of non-government section role in agricultural development causes advent new capacities of entrepreneurship human resources and prudence their position in managing and these evolution. The agricultural higher education system in order to preserve responsible in training these sources should launch by increasing educational planning quality toward training entrepreneur person. By attention to the problems and challenges of higher education system of applied scientific in education in this resources, recognizing the approaches of developing the student’s entrepreneurial capabilities is necessary. This issue was approved by statistics of graduate’s entrepreneurship in this higher education centers. Therefore, preserving the efficiency of this system is essential to know developing solution of student entrepreneurial abilities and planning to perform them. The main problem was lack of the related information in the greatest agricultural education center (Imam Khomeini higher education center). With regards the purpose of research, it has been done by survey method. The statistical population was 1595 of agricultural students studying in this center in 2012. The sample population was determined 195 people by the Cochran formula. The measurement instrument was questionnaire. The validity and reliability of questionnaire were confirmed. The results showed that average score the affects methods of entrepreneurial abilities development are more than the middle (3.53 of 5). In addition, the main factors of “give consulting services” and “planning for reform entrepreneurship skills” determine and explain the 20.48 and 19.48 percent of changing variance. At the end, results proposed creating professional business consulting corridor in agricultural applied- scientific higher education centers and planning the comprehensive plans for improvement student’s abilities about business and entrepreneurship via combining entrepreneurship topics in technical and specialized agricultural courses.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • agricultural scientific-applied students
  • entrepreneurial capabilities
  • innovative and entrepreneurship

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