Economic-environmental study of the symbiosis pattern of rice with fish and duck in Gilan province

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

2 DTU-Technical University of Denmark

10.22059/ijaedr.2024.367745.669269

Abstract

Rice is one of the oldest crops. And it is the main food of more than half of the world's people. It is also one of the most important crops in the world, which is cultivated in large parts of the world. After wheat, this product is considered to be the most consumed agricultural product in the country and is considered as one of the strategic products of the agriculture sector. Currently, Guilan and Mazandaran are the most important rice growing areas in Iran, which account for 80-82% of domestic rice production. It also constitutes a major part of people's food, especially in the northern provinces. Biological control is a new method to reduce fertilizers and poisons for this crop plant Combined rice-fish and rice-fish-duck cultivation is a type of biological control in the world. And the main goal of this research is the economic and environmental study of Tuam crops. In this research, in order to investigate the economic profitability and environmental issues of rice in three types of single rice cultivation, combined rice-fish and combined rice-fish-duck cultivation, there are 361 questionnaires in 6 cities of Guilan province, including Astana Ashrafieh, Rasht, Somaesara. , Lahijan, Fuman, and Razvanshahr cities were completed. In this research, two documentary and field methods are used to collect information. The main tool used in this research is a questionnaire. This research is a survey research in terms of data collection method and an applied research in terms of purpose. The main data of this research was collected by distributing and completing the questionnaire in 2022-2023. In this research, the cost of production factors and the income from the sale of the product in one hectare are investigated. The contribution of each production factor to the total costs is also determined. Net income, performance index and cost benefit index were also calculated. The LCA approach was also used in the environmental discussion.The results of the economic indicators were all indicative of the fact that combined crops are superior to single crops in terms of economic indicators. This type of cultivation system has a privileged economic role for rural households. And it has long-term benefits. At the same time, focusing on a single rice product has short-term benefits and has no effective and significant benefits in the long term. The results of the study of environmental indicators showed that diesel fuel input is very important and effective in Tuam crops. And this issue should be considered in environmental policies. Also, rice-fish-duck co-culture uses less diesel fuel than rice-fish co-culture, and this is due to the presence of ducks in the farm. And for this reason, it is more superior than rice-fish co-cultivation

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Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 21 January 2024

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