بررسی و شناخت نشانگرهای سنجش امنیتآبی در واحدهای بهرهبرداری کشاورزی استان همدان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی‌، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت‌مدرس، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

2 گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

دستیابی به امنیت‌آبی از مهم‌ترین اهداف سیاستگذاران در جهان است. با توجه به‌ این‌که شناسایی نشانگرهای امنیت‌آبی در بخش کشاورزی، عمده‌ترین معیار برای بررسی وضعیت استقرارپذیری این منبع در راستای برقراری امنیت در بخش کشاورزی می‌باشد. از همین رو هدف اصلی تحقیق‌ حاضر، بررسی و شناخت نشانگرهای سنجش امنیت‌آبی در واحدهای بهره‌برداری کشاورزی با استفاده از آرای متخصصان این بخش می‌باشد. این پژوهش از نظر ماهیت کمی، از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر شیوه گردآوری داده‌ها، توصیفی-پیمایشی است و طراحی آن با بهره‌گیری از روش دلفی برای دستیابی به توافق گروهی صورت گرفته است. جامعه‌آماری پژوهش را کلیه متخصصان حوزه مدیریت آب کشاورزی در سطح دانشگاهی تشکیل دادند که از آن میان با بهره‌گیری از روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و زنجیره‌ای، تعداد 16 نفر از کارشناسان و متخصصان خبره و باتجربه به‌عنوان نمونه برای پاسخگویی به سوال اصلی تحقیق انتخاب شدند. ابزار اصلی گردآوری داده‌ها پرسشنامه نیمه‌ساختارمند و ساختارمند بود. براساس نتایج تحقیق، متخصصان‌20 نشانگر امنیت‌آبی را سنجیده و توافق‌همگانی بوجود آمد و در چهار مولفه دسترسی، موجود بودن، قابلیت استفاده و پایداری طبقه‌بندی شدند. این نشانگرها ابزاری جامع برای سنجش امنیت‌آبی در مزرعه و در راستای توسعه‌پایدار می‌باشند. در انتها و براساس نتایج بدست آمده پیشنهادات کاربردی ارائه گردیده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


Extended Abstract

Objectives

In rural areas, where the livelihood of most people is agriculture and the main input in agricultural activities is water. The increasing growth of the population, the increasing demand for food and water, the inefficiency of water resources management, the adoption of water policies that conflict with the ecosystems, the pollution of water resources, climate change, the transformation of the rainfall pattern to the reduction of rainfall, harvesting. The excessive use of underground water and the increase in the price of water consumption have fueled the increase in tension and water shortage.Lack of water resources has reduced the process of agricultural development. Hamedan is one of the provinces across the country that has experienced severe Water shortage condition. Therefore, the present study aimed to Investigating and identifying indicators of water security in agricultural farming units of Hamedan province.

 

Methods

The Statistical society of the study was formed by experts in the field of agricultural water management at the university level. The validity of data collection using the Delphi method depends on the opinions of experts. Therefore, taking advantage of the targeted and chain sampling method of 16 experts and experienced specialists from Tehran University (3 person), Tarbiat Modares University (8 person), Buali Sina University (3 person), Shahrekord University (1 person), Payam Noor University (1 person) were selected as a sample, and this selection was based on their expertise. The main tool for data collection was a semi-structured and structured questionnaire.

 

Results

 The results showed that 20 categories as the most important indicators agreed upon by experts in this field, which were classified into 4 components: accessibility, availability, usability, and sustainability. in the end, based on the research findings, suggestions were made to Improving water security in agricultural farming units.

 

Discussion

 As per the findings some recommendations are advised to enhance the water security in agricultural farming units. Long-term credits should be allocated by the government for the sustainable management of water resources, and in addition to financial support, specific and transparent regulations should be drawn up in the field of protection and sustainable use of agricultural water resources and adherence to their implementation by the relevant institutions. The promotion of greenhouse cultivation and hydroponic cultivation should be considered due to the low need for water.

Holding training courses and workshops in the field of water and management related issues and information transfer by increasing communication and interaction between users with promotion experts and irrigation specialists. Regarding the optimal use of agricultural water, effective laws should be approved in order to improve water use and prevent the digging of unauthorized wells, and the previously dug unauthorized wells should be filled with precautions.

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