نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران
2 بخش اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Nomadic tribes, producing 30% of the country's red meat, play a role in ensuring the community's food security, but the assessment of the nutritional level and food security of this producing community has received less attention. In the present study, the food security of Qashqai tribal households was calculated using the Food Consumption Score (FCS) index, and the determinants of food security for this group of households were identified using an ordered logit model. Data were collected through random sampling, using face-to-face interviews with 250 questionnaires completed during the winter pasture period of 1399 (Iranian calendar year). The results showed that 33.6% of households were in high food security, 29.2% had low food security, and 37.2% had food insecurity. The variables of income, number of livestock, income diversification, access to infrastructure, head of household's education, and the personal car were directly related to household food security, while the variables of household size, dependency ratio, and distance from the nomadic area to the food market were inversely related to household food security. Among the factors affecting the food security status of households, the variables of income diversification and access to infrastructure had the greatest positive impact, and the variables of dependency ratio and household size had the greatest negative impact on household food security. In conclusion, it was suggested that to improve the food security situation of the studied community, increasing access to basic infrastructure (stable water, electricity, mobile health clinic, and mobile phone) for this producing community should be on the agenda of policymakers and those in charge of this community, and along with that, steps should be taken to improve the education level of individuals, and promotional training should be provided to improve the diet and income diversification of these households.
کلیدواژهها [English]
Extended Abstract
Objective
Food security has a significant role in measuring the quality of people’s lives and is an essential index for evaluating economic development. It is the cornerstone of the developed society's intellectual, mental, and physical health. Meanwhile, Qashqai tribe nomadic households based on pastoral livelihood produce 30% of the country’s red meat and have important roles in food security. While the study of food security of these households to achieve the quality of their life has less attended. the food security of the Fars Qashqai tribe nomadic households, which have the largest nomadic population, was evaluated in two sections. At first food security of Qashqai tribe nomadic households was determined by the FCS index and finally determinants of food security were determined.
Method
Data were collected using random sampling and 250 questionnaires from the studied households in 2021. The FCS index was calculated and determinants of food security were determined using the Order Logit model.
Result
The results of the food security assessment using the FCS index indicated that 33.6% of the households have high food security, 29.2% have low food security, and 37.2% suffer from food insecurity. Also, with the increase of FCS, the share of dairy products, animal proteins, and legumes in households' diets increased, and sugar and fat shares in the diet decreased. Fish consumption was observed only in the group of high food security households. Therefore, these households pay the most attention to improving the quality of their diet. Vegetables and fruits have the lowest share in all three food security groups, but in the high food security, dairy products, and the low food security and insecurity households, basic foods, including cereals and starches, have the largest share in the household food basket. The results of the food security determinants by the Ologit model showed that the variables of income, number of livestock, income diversity, access to infrastructure, head of household education, personal vehicle, and percentage of people educated in the household are directly related to food security. The variables of household size, dependency ratio, and distance from the nomadic area to the food market are inversely related to household food security. The marginal effects of the variables indicate that income diversity (-0.149) and access to infrastructure (-0.132) have the most positive impact, and the variables of dependency ratio (0.181) and household dimension (0.094) have the most negative impact on the food security of these households.
Discussion
Developing and increasing access to key infrastructures such as sustainable water, electricity, mobile health homes, and mobile phones is proposed in policies and planning for this community. Improving the level of education and promoting and developing non-livestock occupations to diversify income will also help increase the food security of these productive households.
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