بررسی فعالیت کارآفرینی زنان روستایی با تاکید بر امنیت غذایی خانوارهای روستایی شهرستان خرم آباد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران

2 استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران

چکیده

امنیت غذایی به­عنوان شاخص جهانی در سطح خانوار برای رفاه افراد به­ویژه در کشورهای در حال توسعه شناخته شده ­است. از طرفی، درآمد حاصل از فعالیت­های کارآفرینی زنان در نواحی روستایی تأثیر به­سزایی بر افزایش درآمد درون خانوار و همچنین، دسترسی به موادغذایی با کیفیت و متناسب با ترجیحات خانوار را فراهم می­آورد. مطالعه پیش­رو با هدف تعیین سطح امنیت غذایی خانوارهای زنان کارآفرین و غیر­کارآفرین مناطق روستایی صورت گرفت. مطالعه پیش­رو در محدوده زمانی سال 98-1397 و با استفاده از پرسشنامه استاندارد بین­المللی (HFIAS) و برخی از پرسش­های مرتبط با عوامل فردی زنان کارآفرین روستایی و عوامل اقتصادی- اجتماعی خانوارها انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد، فقط 6/23 درصد خانوارهای منطقة هدف دارای امنیت­غذایی هستند، در حالی­که میزان ناامنی غذایی (خفیف، متوسط و شدید) خانوارها به­ترتیب (9/13، 8/23 و 7/38) است. میزان ناامنی غذایی خانوارهای زنان کارآفرین و غیرکارآفرین روستایی به­ترتیب 79 و 9/73 درصد محاسبه شد. همچنین، نتایج نشان داد که احتمال برقراری امنیت­غذایی خانوارهای زنان کارآفرین با فعالیت تولیدات کشاورزی و صنایع­دستی بالاتر از صنایع تبدیلی و خدماتی است. نتایج حاصل از برآورد الگوی لاجیت نشان داد که متغیرهای سابقه فعالیت کارآفرینی، تحصیلات سرپرست خانوار، اشتغال سرپرست خانوار، درآمد حاصل از فعالیت کارآفرینی، درآمد سرپرست خانوار و پس­انداز شخصی ارتباط مستقیم و معنی­داری و فاصله از مراکز خرید ارتباط معکوس و معنی­داری با امنیت غذایی خانوارهای روستایی شهرستان خرم­آباد دارد. لذا، بهبود فرصت­های شغلی و فعالیت­های تولیدی درآمدزای سرپرست خانوارها، برگزاری کلاس­های آموزشی، ارایه تسهیلات کم بهره در جهت توانمندی اقتصادی و رونق فعالیت تولیدی برای خانوارهای کارآفرین پیشنهاد می­گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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تحقیقات اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی ایران
دوره 52، شماره 3
مهر 1400
صفحه 489-505

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