تحلیل شبکه اجتماعی رویکردی نوین در تبیین نظام ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی تکثرگرا: مورد مطالعه استان کرمان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز

2 دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز

3 استادیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

شناسایی کنشگران نهادی و ارزیابی تعاملات آنها با یکدیگر از ملزومات استقرار نظام ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی تکثرگراست. پژوهش حاضر با بهره‏گیری از رویکرد تحلیل شبکه‏ی اجتماعی، وضعیت تعامل نهادهای مرتبط با فعالیت‏های آموزشی- ترویجی در سطح استان کرمان را بررسی و تحلیل کرده است. در این راستا، ابتدا به روش پژوهش آرشیوی، مشاهده مستقیم و مصاحبه غیرساختارمند با 163 نفر از متخصصان کلیدی فعال در حوزه‏ی ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، تعداد 51 نهاد دولتی، خصوصی، انتفاعی و غیرانتفاعی شناسایی شدند و در مرحله‏ی بعد، برای تحلیل ساختار الگوی روابط بین این کنشگران نهادی از رویکرد تحلیل شبکه اجتماعی برای شش شبکه‏ی تبادل کارشناس فنی، اجرای پروژه مشترک، تحقیق و مشاوره علمی، حمایت فنی، حمایت مالی و اثر سیاستی استفاده شد. نتایج پژوهش نشان‏ داد که در شرایط فعلی در زمینه‏ی فعالیت‏های آموزشی-ترویجی، شبکه‏ی نهادی پویا و سیّال از تعامل و ارتباط ارگانیک همه‏ی کنشگران برخوردار نیست. همچنین، در شبکه‏های نهادی موجود بین سازمان‏های مردم نهاد و غیردولتی با سازمان‏های دولتی ‏توازن در نفوذ و اقتدار وجود ندارد، به‏گونه‏ای که سازمان‏های خصوصی، انتفاعی و غیرانتفاعی، اقتدار، نفوذ و قدرت کنترل پایین‏تری دارند و در فرآیند سیاستگزاری، مدیریت و تصمیم‏گیری کمتر مورد توجه قرار می‏گیرند، به‏طوری‏که‏ نظام ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی تکثراگرا در سطح استان کرمان بیش از آن‏که «کشاورزمحور»، «روستایی‌محور» و «بهره‏بردار‌محور» باشد، «بودجه‌محور» است.

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