تحلیل نگرش کشاورزان شهرستان کوار نسبت به حفاظت از آب: کاربرد نظریه نیازهای مازلو

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز

2 استاد گروه جامعه شناسی و برنامه ریزی اجتماعی، دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه شیراز

3 دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز

چکیده

کم‌آبی، مفهومی آشنا در ادبیات امروز توسعه روستایی است. پرداختن به این مسئله در بخش کشاورزی به‌عنوان یکی از متقاضیان بزرگ آب، ضروری است. یکی از مسیرهای پرداختن به این مسئله، بهبود نگرش کشاورزان نسبت به حفاظت از آب است. برای این منظور، می‌توان از ارزیابی نیاز بهره گرفت. هدف این پژوهش، تحلیل نگرش کشاورزان نسبت به حفاظت از آب، به­وسیله کاربرد ارزیابی نیازها با استفاده از نظریه مازلو بود. این پژوهش از نوع توصیفی بوده و با فن پیمایش انجام گرفت. کشاورزان شهرستان کوار به‌عنوان جامعه آماری انتخاب شده (13187 N=) و با استفاده از نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای، 383 نفر از آن‌ها به‌عنوان نمونه در نظر گرفته شدند. ابزار مورداستفاده برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها پرسشنامه بود که روایی آن به‌وسیله اساتید روانشناسی اجتماعی و ترویج کشاورزی و پایایی آن با محاسبه آلفای کرونباخ تأیید شد (69/0 ≤ α ≤ 97/0). نتایج نشان داد که نیازهای ایمنی و نیازهای فیزیولوژیک به‌عنوان مهم‌ترین عوامل، دارای تأثیر منفی و معنی‌دار و نیازهای اجتماعی و نیاز به احترام دارای اثر مثبت و معنی­دار بر نگرش کشاورزان نسبت به حفاظت از آب بودند. بر اساس نتایج، می‌توان راهکارهایی برای حفاظت از آب ارایه کرد که با نیازهای کشاورزان سازگار باشد.

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