تحلیل نگرش کشاورزان شهرستان کوار نسبت به حفاظت از آب: کاربرد نظریه نیازهای مازلو

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز

2 استاد گروه جامعه شناسی و برنامه ریزی اجتماعی، دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه شیراز

3 دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز

چکیده

کم‌آبی، مفهومی آشنا در ادبیات امروز توسعه روستایی است. پرداختن به این مسئله در بخش کشاورزی به‌عنوان یکی از متقاضیان بزرگ آب، ضروری است. یکی از مسیرهای پرداختن به این مسئله، بهبود نگرش کشاورزان نسبت به حفاظت از آب است. برای این منظور، می‌توان از ارزیابی نیاز بهره گرفت. هدف این پژوهش، تحلیل نگرش کشاورزان نسبت به حفاظت از آب، به­وسیله کاربرد ارزیابی نیازها با استفاده از نظریه مازلو بود. این پژوهش از نوع توصیفی بوده و با فن پیمایش انجام گرفت. کشاورزان شهرستان کوار به‌عنوان جامعه آماری انتخاب شده (13187 N=) و با استفاده از نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای، 383 نفر از آن‌ها به‌عنوان نمونه در نظر گرفته شدند. ابزار مورداستفاده برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها پرسشنامه بود که روایی آن به‌وسیله اساتید روانشناسی اجتماعی و ترویج کشاورزی و پایایی آن با محاسبه آلفای کرونباخ تأیید شد (69/0 ≤ α ≤ 97/0). نتایج نشان داد که نیازهای ایمنی و نیازهای فیزیولوژیک به‌عنوان مهم‌ترین عوامل، دارای تأثیر منفی و معنی‌دار و نیازهای اجتماعی و نیاز به احترام دارای اثر مثبت و معنی­دار بر نگرش کشاورزان نسبت به حفاظت از آب بودند. بر اساس نتایج، می‌توان راهکارهایی برای حفاظت از آب ارایه کرد که با نیازهای کشاورزان سازگار باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of Kavar Township Farmers’ Attitudes towards Water Conservation: Application of Maslow's Needs Theory

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ehsan Masoomi 1
  • Habib Ahmadi 2
  • Kurosh Rezaei-moghaddam 3
1 PhD. Student, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Agricultural Faculty, University of Shiraz
2 Professor, Department of Sociology and Social Planning; College of Economics; Management and Social Sciences; Shiraz University
3 Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Agricultural Faculty, University of Shiraz
چکیده [English]

Water scarcity is a familiar concept in today’s literature of rural development. It is necessary to address this issue in agricultural sector as a large user of water. One of the paths for addressing this issue is improving farmers’ attitudes towards water conservation. For this purpose, needs assessment could be applied. The aim of this study was to analyze farmers’ attitudes towards water conservation by application of needs assessment using Maslow’s theory. This study as a descriptive research has been conducted using survey techniques. Statistical population of this study consisted of farmers of Kavar township (N=13187). Applying Cluster sampling method 383 farmers was selected as sample. A questionnaire was used to collect data. Its face validity was confirmed by professors of social psychology and agricultural extension and its reliability was measured by calculating Cronbach's alpha (0.69 ≤ α ≤ 0.97). The results showed that safety and physiological needs as the most important factors had a negative and significant effect on farmers’ attitudes towards water conservation. Social needs and esteem needs were the other factors influencing dependent variable. Based on the results, the solutions for water conservation that are consistent with the needs of farmers can be proposed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Needs assessment
  • Farmers’ attitudes
  • water conversation
  • Maslow’s theory

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تحقیقات اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی ایران
دوره 49، شماره 1
اردیبهشت 1397
صفحه 135-150

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