The application of planned behavior theory in explaining environmental behavior of villagers of Ilam province in protection of oak forests in South Zagros

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran.

2 Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Management,, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran.

4 Department of Natural Resources Department, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran.

Abstract

The present research was conducted with the purpose of applying the theory of planned behavior in explaining the environmental behavior of the villagers in Ilam province about protection of the oak forests in South Zagros. The statistical population of the research consists of all the villagers of Ilam province settled in the South Zagros region (N=5512). Sample size using the table of Bartlett et al. (2001), 416 people were determined and stratified random method with proportional assignment (according to the city of activity) was used for sampling. In this research, the status of the environmental behavior pattern of the villagers of Ilam province in the protection of the oak forests of South Zagros region was analyzed using SPSS22 and SMART PLS3 statistical software. And according to the calculated indicators, the reliability and validity of the model was confirmed. The results of the structural equation modeling approach indicate that attitude variables (β=0.745), mental norms (β=0.638) and perceived behavioral control of the villagers of Ilam province (β=0.589), influence It has a positive and significant effect on their intention to carry out the environmental behavior of protecting the mentioned forests. Also, based on the results, perceived behavioral control (β=0.602), intention (β=0.711), time perspective (β=0.653) and spatial attachment of the villagers of Ilam province towards the protection of oak forests of South Zagros (β=0. 473), have a positive and significant effect on their environmental behavior in the protection of said forests. In general, based on the findings, it can be seen that the theory of planned behavior through the variable of the intention of the villagers of Ilam province to carry out the environmental behavior of protecting the oak forests can respectively account for 52 and 61% of the changes in the variables of the intention and behavior of the rural households towards the protection of To predict the oak forests of South Zagros basin.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Extended Abstract

Introduction

Forests are as one of the national wealth sources for the current and future generations in the country as well as particular importance, but at the moment, the biodiversity in the Zagros region is faced by two serious threats: change of use and unsustainable harvesting. These cases, both in alone and combination, resulted in severe and irreversible destruction of the forest. Therefore, the protection and sustainable management of forest ecosystems in Zagros vegetation area have always been the main concern of activists and officials. So, the present research was conducted with the purpose of applying the theory of planned behavior in explaining the environmental behavior of the villagers in Ilam province about the protection of the oak forests in South Zagros.

 

Methodology

Because of paradigm, this research is quantitative research and based on the purpose is applied research, and in terms of controlling the studied variables, it is a non-experimental type that was conducted as a survey. The statistical population of the research consists of all the villagers of Ilam province settled in the South Zagros region (N=5512). Sample size using the table of Bartlett et al. (2001), 416 people were determined and stratified random method with proportional assignment (according to the city of activity) was used for sampling. The research tool was a questionnaire that was prepared in 2 parts. The first part was related to the personal and professional characteristics of the sample of villagers, and the second part was based on the research objectives and consisted of 7 subscales of villagers' norms about the environmental behavior of protecting oak forests (13 items), The mental norms of the villagers regarding the environmental behavior of protecting the oak forests (10 items), The perceived behavioral control of villagers in protection of oak forests (14 items), Villagers' intention to carry out the environmental behavior of protecting oak forests (7 items), The environmental behavior of the villagers of Ilam province in the protection of the oak forests of the South Zagros area (17 items), villagers' point view of Ilam province about the protection of oak forests of South Zagros region (14 items), and the spatial dependence of the villagers in Ilam province to the protection of the oak forests of the South Zagros area (7 items). To measure this section, a 5-part spectrum from very low (1) to very high (5) was used. The measurement scale was a rating scale and for determining its validity, content validity and construct validity were used to. In order to calculate the reliability of the questionnaire, it was used both Cronbach's alpha as well as the composite reliability (CR) methods. The values more than 0.7 indicate the intensity of control of measurement errors in the structural equation model. After completing the questionnaires, the obtained information was analyzed by using SPSS22 and Smart PLS3 statistical software in descriptive and inferential statistics forms.

 

Results

Based on the research findings , it can be concluded that the state of attitude (mean = 4.5 out of 5 and sd= 0.86), mental norms (μ= 4.2 out of 5 and sd= 0.91), Environmental intention (μ= 4.05 out of 5 and sd= 0.94) and place attachment (μ= 4.3 out of 5 and sd= 0.95) of the villagers of Ilam province about the protection of Zagros oak forests South is evaluated at a favorable level. Meanwhile, perceived behavioral control status (μ= 3.8 out of 5 (sd= 0.90), environmental behavior (μ= 3.5 out of 5 and sd= 0.93) and time views (μ= 3.5 out of 5 and sd= 0.94) The villagers of Ilam province are evaluated at an average level regarding the protection of the oak forests of South Zagros. The results of the structural equation modeling approach indicate that attitude variables (β=0.745), mental norms (β=0.638) and perceived behavioral control of the villagers of Ilam province (β=0.589), have a positive and significant effect on their intention to carry out the environmental behavior of protecting the mentioned forests. Also, based on the results, perceived behavioral control (β=0.602), intention (β=0.711), time perspective (β=0.653) and spatial attachment of the villagers of Ilam province towards the protection of oak forests of South Zagros (β=0. 473), have a positive and significant effect on their environmental behavior in the protection of said forests. In general, based on the findings, it can be seen that the theory of planned behavior through the variable of the intention of the villagers in Ilam province to carry out the environmental behavior of protecting the oak forests can respectively account for 52 and 61% of the changes in the variables of the intention and behavior of the rural households towards the protection of To predict the oak forests of South Zagros basin.

 

Conclusion

The findings of this research can be used for principled policy-making and for planning and decision-making in the field of the sustainable development and protection of the oak forests of South Zagros. In this regard, the institutional department of agricultural extension and education in the departments of agricultural and environmental jihad of Ilam province can also play a very important role in building capacity, persuading and motivating villagers to increase social participation in the implementation of environmental and natural resources projects along with Rehabilitate oak forests. This can be effective in improving the villagers' perception of the sustainability of oak forests and, consequently, environmental sustainability.

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Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research
Volume 54, Issue 4
April 2023
Pages 809-831

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