Constituent Components of Rural Women's Microenterprise Ecosystem; Study in Guilan and Mazandaran provinces

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 PhD. Student in Agricultural Extension of Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khozestan, Ahvaz, Iran

2 Professor of Agricultural Extension and Education Department, Agricultural Science and Natural Recourses University of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran

3 Associate Professor of Agricultural Extension and Education Department, Agricultural Science and Natural Recourses University of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran

4 Associate Professor, Agricultural Extension and Education Department, Agricultural Science and Natural Recourses University of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran

Abstract

In recent decade, improving of business ecosystem has attracted the attention of policy-makers. In the research area, although some studies appraised efficacious factors on development of country's business ecosystem in its general meaning, its identification and conceptualization in specific subject areas have been neglected. In this regard, the current exploratory study has been conducted in order to identification and explanation of constituent components of rural women's enterprise ecosystem in Guilan and Mazandaran provinces. Research sample individuals have been selected in terms of non-probability sampling. The qualitative data were collected by conducting detailed semi-structured interviews to obtain theoretical saturation, and then analyzed through applying ATLAS.ti software. Finding of this section categorized the conceptual emergent codes from detailed interviews with 24 key informants into 9 super-families of constituent components of rural woman's enterprise ecosystem. Consequently, applying a researcher-made questionnaire, the 9 emergent categories were reciprocally compared in the hierarchical analysis process with the use of Super Decision software. Findings showed rural woman's enterprise ecosystem has different entity, combination and priorities in comparison to large-scale industrial enterprises and even small rural enterprises controlled by men. Among resulting conceptual categories, market condition; government's main strategies and politics; regulations; physical and biological infrastructures had the highest weights respectively, with a considerable interval from the other components, implying on their priorities and attention necessity in supportive projects for rural women's regional enterprises.

Keywords

References

  1.  Agahi, H., Mirakzadeh, A. & Taghi Beigi, M. (2012). Prioritization of Effective Factors in the Development of Household Jobs in West Islamabad. Journal of Women and Society. 3 (11), 181-202.In Farsi
  2.  Alimirzaei, E., Hoseini, S. M., Hejazi, Y. & Movahed Mohammadi, H. (2017). Indicators for Evaluating the Private Enterprises Providing Agricultural Extension and Advisory Services. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research. 48 (3), 491-505. In Farsi
  3.  Amiri, M., Zali, M. & Majd, M. (2009). Limitation on Emergent Businesses. Journal of Entrepreneurship Development. 2 (1), 81-102. In Farsi
  4. Davari, A., Ramezanpor Nargesi, G., Afrasiabi, R. & Davari, E. (2018). Effect of Entrepreneurship and Business Environment Policies on Entrepreneurship Development. Journal of Entrepreneurship Development. 11 (2). 321-339. In Farsi
  5.  Elena, H., Sorina, M. & Rus, D. (2015). A predictive model of innovation in rural entrepreneurship. Journal of Procedia Technology. 19)3). 471-478.
  6. -Evans, N., Lasen, M. & Tsey, K. (2015). A Systematic Review of Rural Development Research: Characteristics, Design Quality and Engagement with Sustainability. Springer-Briefs in Public Health, London.
  7. -FAO. (2012). UN Launches New Program to Empower Rural Women and Girls. Published Report by FAO. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/news/story/ en/item/158377/icode/
  8. -Freshwater, D. (2016). Economic Transformations: Understanding the Determinants of Rural Growth. In: Shucksmith, M., Brown, D. L. (Eds.), Routledge International Handbook of Rural Studies. Routledge, Abingdon, PP 99-107.
  9. -Galloway, L. & Kapasi, I. (2014). Rural Home-based Businesses and Their Contribution to Rural Lives: An Exploratory Study. Research Report, HeriotWatt University, Edinburgh.

10. Ganle, J. K.,  Afriyie, K. & Segbefia, A. Y. (2015). Microcredit: Empowerment and Disempowerment of Rural Women in Ghana. Journal of World Development. 66(9), 335-345.

11. Gelard, P., Hosseiny, M. & Asgari, E. (2017). The Relationship between Social Networks and Performance of Women's Businesses: The Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Alertness and Gender Discrimination. Journal of Entrepreneurship Development. 10 (2), 299-318. In Farsi

12. GFRAS. (2012). Building Knowledge Systems in Agriculture Five Key Areas for Mobilising the Potential of Extension and Advisory. Global Forum for Rural Advisory Services. Switzerland.

13. Ghasemi, M. & Javan, J. (2014). Clarification of the Relationship between Diversification of Economic Activities and Sustainable Rural Development Case Study: Mashhad Township. Journal of Rural Research. 5 (2), 237-466. In Farsi

14. Hall, A. & Clark, N. (2010). What Do Complex Adaptive Systems Look Like and What are the Implications for Innovation Policy? Journal of International Development. 22 (3), 308-324.

15. Hemmati Vineh, H., Abedi-Sarvestani, A., Abdollahzadeh, G. & Mahboubi, M. (2012). Home Employment and Obstacles of Women’s Enterprises; A Study on Rural Women in Kermanshah County. National Conference on Entrepreneurship and Management of Knowledge-based Enterprises. Fall 2012, Mazandaran, Iran. In Farsi

16. Isenberg, D. (2011). The Entrepreneurship Ecosystem Strategy as a New Paradigm for Economic Policy: Principles for Cultivating Entrepreneurship. The Babson Entrepreneurship Ecosystem Project. Dublin Ireland.

17. Nagler, P. & Naude, W. (2017). Non-farm Entrepreneurship in Rural Sub-Saharan Africa: New Empirical Evidence. Journal of Food Policy. 67(10), 175-191.

18. Najafi, B. & Safa, L. (2014). Study of the Entrepreneurial Home-based Businesses and their Barriers and Challenges in Rural Areas. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Agriculture. 1 (2), 61-73. In Farsi

19. Ndiaye, N., Razak, L. A., Nagayev, R. & Ng, A. (2018). Demystifying Small and Medium Enterprises’ (SMEs) Performance in Emerging and Developing Economies. Borsa-Istanbul Review, 18 (4), PP 269-281.

20. Onwurfor, E. U. & Enwelu, L. A. (2013). Rural Women Entrepreneurship in Agro-food Processing in Enugu State, Nigeria. International Journal of Research in Applied, Natural and Social Sciences. 1 (2). 108-121.

21. Phillipson, j., Tiwasinga, p., Gorton, m., Maioli, S., Newbery, R. & Turner, R. (2019). Shining a Spotlight on Small Rural Businesses: How Does Their Performance Compare with Urban? Journal of Rural Studies. 68(5), 230-239.

22. Raungpaka, V. & Savetpanuvong, P. (2017). Information Orientation of Small-scale Farmers' Community Enterprises in Northern Thailand. Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences. 38( 4), 196-203.

23. Rezaei, R. & Najafi, B. (2015). Barriers of Starting and Expanding Home-based Businesses in Rural Areas of Urmia County. Journal of Entrepreneurship Development. 8(3), 433-451. In Farsi

24. Rijkers, B. & Costa, R. (2012). Gender and Rural Non-farm Entrepreneurship. Policy Research Working Paper 6066. World Bank.

25. Saaty, T. L. (1980). The Analytical Hirerchy Process, Planning, Priority, Resource Allocation. RWS Pablications, USA.

26. Samarakoon, S. & Parinduri, R. (2015). Does Education Empower Women? Evidence from Indonesia. Journal of World Development. 66(8), 428-442.

27. Serwicka, I. & Swinney, P. (2016). Trading Places: Why Firms Locate where They Do. Centre for Cities, London.

28. Sharifzadeh, A., Arabioun, A. & Abdollahzadeh, G. (2009). Identifying and Prioritizing the Support Needs of Agro-enterprises’ Development in Golestan Province. Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 3(10), 71-91. In Farsi

29. Shucksmith, M. & Brown, D. L. (2016). Framing Rural Studies in the Global North. In: Shucksmith, M., Brown, D. L. (Eds.), Routledge International Handbook of Rural Studies. Routledge, Abingdon, 1-27.

30. Stenholm, P., Acs, Z. & Wuebker, R. (2013). Exploring Country-level Institutional Arrangements on the Rate and Type of Entrepreneurial Activity. Journal of Business Venturing. 28(1), 176-193.

31. Swanson, B. E. (2010). Changing Extension Paradigms within a Rapidly Changing Global Economy. Rural Development News.

32. Vafaei, A. & Tarkarani, M. (2015). Investigating the Effect of the Type and Extent of Rural Women's Activities on the Level of Their Socio-economic Rights. Journal of Women's Studies Sociological and Psychological. 12 (4), 119-148. In Farsi

33. Varmazyari, H. & Imani, B. (2017). Analyzing Resilience of Rural Businesses in Malekan County. Journal of Entrepreneurship Development. 10 (1), 181-200. In Farsi

34. World Bank. (2011). Agricultural Innovation Systems:An Investment Sourcebook. Washington DC.

35. World Economic Forum. (2017). The Global Competitiveness Report 2017-2018. Retrieved July 15, 2019, from http://www.weforum.org/ reports.

36. Yaghoubi Farani, A., Vahdat Moaddab, H. & Latifi, S. (2014). Identifying Inhibitions of Rural Women’s Trend to Home Businesses (Case Study: Sardrod district, Razan county). Journal of Women in Development and Politics. 11 (4), 559-574. In Farsi

Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research
Volume 51, Issue 4
November 2020
Pages 731-744

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics