Investigation of Effective factors and barriers on Development of non-agricultural activities with emphasis on home jobs (Case: Ghory Ghale Village)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Agricultural extension and education, Agricultural college, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate effective factors and barriers on development of non-agricultural activities in Ghory Ghale Village, with emphasis on home jobs. The Statistical population consisted of rural households of Ghory Ghale district (N=624). According to Krejci and Morgan sampling table  and by the stratified sampling method, 240 families selected as research sample. Research instrument was a questionnaire that its validity confirmed by content validity method with a panel of experts and its reliability confirmed by use of pilot test and calculation of Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.94). SPSS19 and Excel2010 software were used for data analysis. Results showed that in all villages, production potentials were more than region’s capacities and human abilities. Also, results showed that the most important factors influencing diversification of productive activities in this district relatively consisted of: economic, educational, managerial, motivational and sociological factors. The main barriers to diversification of non-agricultural activities were: economic, social, educational, structural and managerial that these factors in total have been explained 61.5 % of all barriers.

Keywords


  1. Abassian, M. Asmin, A. H., Nazerian, N. & Erandegani, U. (2011). Activity and employment status of women in Sistan and Baluchistan, Cultural Issues - Defense for Women and Families, 5(17). pp. 147-177. (In Farsi).
  2. Alvani, S. (2009). The fate of future work, public administration, printing 36, Tehran, Reed Publishing. (In Farsi).
  3. Arasti, Z. (2005). Development of academic women and girls’ entrepreneurship. quarterly journal  of Ruyesh 1(8).pp 16-21. (In Farsi).
  4. Borg, W. R., & Gall, M. D. (1971). Educational Research: An Introduction. New York: David McKay Company. Inc., 197l.
  5. Bucar, B., Glas, M., & Hirsch, R. D. (2003). Ethics and entrepreneurs: An international comparative study. Journal of Business Venturing, 18(2), 261-281.
  6. Bureau of Statistics. (2012). Kermanshah province. Retrieved April 20, 2012, From http://www.ostan-ks.ir/Portal/Home. (In Farsi).
  7. Carter, S., Mason, C., & Tagg, S. (2006). Lifting the barriers to growth in UK small businesses. Policy Document, 331.
  8. Census Bureau(1998). Increase in at home workers reverses earlier trend, V.S. department of commerce economics and statics administration. Available at: http://census.gov/library/publications.html
  9. Emamie, M. A. (2004). Italy's labor market and labor-sending areas of the country. Journal of Political Information - Economics No17. (pp. 204-2030) (In Farsi).
  10. Finmark Trust. (2006). Home based entrepreneurs. From : www.finmark.org.za
  11. Fry, F. (1993). Entrepreneurship: A planning Approach. Englewood cliff’s article Hall.P142-159

 

  1. Golabi, A. M., Hossaini, Kh. S. M., Rezvani, M. & Yadollahi, J. (2010). The importance of the entrepreneur in the marketing business and homework center. The first national conference of home businesses development, "Challenges and Solutions", Tehran (In Farsi).
  2. Hirsch, R. D., & Fulop, G. (1994). The role of women entrepreneurs in Hungary's transition economy. International Studies of Management & Organization, 24(4), 100-117.
  3. Kent T. Nielsen & Kjeldsev John Ibsen (2000). Women Entrepreneurs Now and in the Future. Danish Agency for Trade and Industry. Firdt edition. Denmark.
  4. Khonifer, h., Azarm, A. M., & Zamani, M.  (2010). The role of demographic factors on household jobs, domestic jobs Development. The first national conference of home businesses development, "Challenges and Solutions", Tehran (In Farsi).
  5. Krejcie, R. V. & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining Sample Size for Research Activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement journal. No:30. Pp 607-610.
  6. Kvrtakv, Donald, F., & Richard, M. (2004). New area to Entrepreneurship. Translated by Amel mehrabi, E. And Tbaraei, M.  Ferdusi University Press (2004). 5th Edition.  Mashha. Iran.
  7. Mavalizadeh, M.R. (2011). Organizer plan to support home buy- senses in the field of employment expand, First national conference on expending home jobs, challenge and strategies. Tehran. Iran
  8. Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs, (2009). Home Jobs Career development capabilities.  From http://iscanews.ir/Fa/shownewsItem.aspu?newsItemID=311148.
  9. Nahid, M. (2011). Role of home-based businesses in job creation, entrepreneurship, youth, from http://mojtabanahid.blogfa.com/post-3.aspu. (In Farsi).
  10. National association for the self-employed (2006). How manage home_ based business are there? From www.news.nase.org\news\home based .asp.
  11. Pouratashi, M. (2010). Home business for women. The first national conference of home businesses development, "Challenges and Solutions", Tehran (In Farsi).
  12. Rodgarnejad, F., & Kiakajori, K. (2010).  Challenges and barriers to the development of home-based business, the first national conference of home businesses development, "Challenges and Solutions", Tehran (In Farsi).
  13. Taghibaigi, M. (2011). A survey of rural woman and experts views on problems and solution of developing home businesses A case study: Islam abade gharb Township. M. A. Thesis, University of Razi, Iran. (In Farsi).
  14. Taghvaie, M., & Safar, Gh. (2006). Indicators of Cultural Development in Iran’s provinces, Journal of Geography and Regional Development. No: 7. Pp: 117-132 (In Farsi).
  15. Tipple, G. (2006). Employment and work conditions in home-based enterprises in four developing countries: do they constitute decent work’? Work Employment and Society, 20(1), 167.
  16. Walker, E., & Webster, B. (2004). Gender issues in home-based businesses. Women in Management Review, 19(8), 404-412.
  17. Walker, E., Wang, C., & Redmond, J. (2008). Women and work-life balance: is home-based business ownership the solution?. Equal Opportunities International, 27(3), 258-275.
  18. Zahedi, M. (20012). Agricultural peripheral activities in rural areas of Iran. From:  www.irpress.org. (In Farsi).

Zarafshani, Q. (2007). Effecting Factors in rural entrepreneurs successful, Razi University Research Initiative. Research report. unpoblished (In Farsi).