تحلیل عوامل موثر بر دانش فناوری‏های نوین در میان انگورکاران شهرستان ایوان‏غرب، استان ایلام

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• فرانک صحرایی ¹
• احمد رضوانفر ²
• فرزانه منتیان ³

¹ گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران،کرج، ایران

² گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران،کرج، ایران.

³ گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

کلیدواژه‌ها

• دانش انگورکاران
• فناوری‏های نوین
• شهرستان ایوان‏غرب

Extended Abstract

Objectives

Grapes play a significant role in the global agricultural economy and hold great importance among horticultural products. This can be a crucial factor in the economic growth of industrial agriculture. Additionally, Iran has a special position in the production and export of raisins due to its considerable cultivated area of grapes and prominent role in global raisin exports.

The city of Ivan, with over 800 hectares of orchards, is one of the suitable areas for grape cultivation in Ilam Province. However, the production and performance in this city are relatively low compared to the cultivated area, indicating the need for farmers to improve cultivation practices. As agriculture directly relates to the country's natural and national resources, appropriate and optimal utilization of opportunities through innovative technologies is essential. The adoption of agricultural production technologies in developing countries is influenced by various factors, including individual, social, knowledge, motivational, and attitudinal factors. Understanding and accepting these technologies play a vital role in sustainable agricultural development and increased productivity for farmers. Among these factors, knowledge is considered an important influencer of human behavior. When information enters the human mind, it transforms into knowledge. As individuals' information levels increase, their knowledge levels also rise, resulting in better decision-making and more effective actions. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the factors affecting the knowledge of innovative technologies among grape growers in Ivan city, Ilam Province.

Method

The study is a descriptive-correlational, survey research. The study population were Grapes Growers in Ivan, ilam province, were 95 people, which were selected through "proportionate stratified random sampling" technique (the sample size was determined using Cochran’s formula of 60 people). Data Collecting was done by questionnaire. Content validity of the questionnaire was verified by a panel of experts and professors of agricultural extension and education. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to determine the validity of the questionnaires and its value was higher than 0.8.

Results

Findings in the study indicate that a majority of the Grapes Growers were on medium level of knowledge of grape’s new technologies. The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between Grapes Growers knowledge of new technologies grapes and information sources and communication channels rate of use, amount Land, profits, number of households, average production, type of gardening system and History of gardening activity. Also the regression analysis showed that rate of access to extension services and Profit from hectare explained 38/6% variance of knowledge of new technologies grapes.

Discussion

According to the research findings, the majority of grape growers studied had an average level of knowledge regarding the use of innovative grape cultivation technologies. Therefore, it is suggested that in order to improve performance per unit area in the region and provide appropriate information and knowledge about innovative grape cultivation technologies, efforts should be made to distribute publications and brochures related to these technologies. Furthermore, identifying leading farmers in this field, visiting their orchards, and strengthening the communication among grape growers, researchers, and disseminators should be undertaken. This can be achieved through organizing educational classes aimed at generating and disseminating information on innovative grape cultivation technologies through these sources and channels, based on the real and tangible needs of grape growers in the region.

Given the role of mass media, especially radio and television, as the most common means of information dissemination in society and the highest level of access to these sources in this study, the creation and implementation of programs related to these technologies, including proper pruning methods, pest and weed control, familiarity with micronutrient fertilizers, and the negative impact of excessive use of chemical inputs, etc., not only plays a significant role in improving grape growers' knowledge of these technologies but also has a considerable role in increasing environmental awareness regarding the use of these methods.

Considering the significant losses and extensive spoilage of grape products until reaching the market, and on the other hand, considering the potential of the Ivan city in grape production, it is proposed to establish processing industrial units at the county level, especially for the production of raisins, considering its top rank in terms of exports in the country. This proposal will not only create employment opportunities in this region but also contribute to the promotion of foreign exchange earnings and reduction of dependency on oil revenues. By preventing the waste of agricultural products, it will maximize resource productivity and value-added creation.