کاربرد تئوری بنیانی در مطالعه رفتار پایدار زیست محیطی کشاورزان؛ یک تحلیل اکتشافی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

2 استاد دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

چکیده

توسعه پایدار یک راهکار برای زندگی و کار در قرن بیست و یکم است. در میان شاخص­های مختلف پایداری، مهم­ترین مؤلفه توسعه پایدار، حفاظت از محیط­زیست در نظر گرفته شده است. نگرانی اساسی سازمان­های بین­المللی و اندیشمندان، بروز معضلات محیط­زیست و روند رو به افزایش آن­ می­باشد. "انسان" به­عنوان عامل تأثیرگذار و قربانی این بحران به­شمار می­رود. مطالعه حاضر با هدف دستیابی به مهم­ترین عوامل در شکل­گیری رفتار زیست­محیطی کشاورزان، با رویکرد کیفی و با روش تئوری بنیانی صورت گرفت. در تحقیق حاضر، پس از انجام تعداد 27 مصاحبه عمیق با کشاورزان دو روستا از توابع شهرستان سپیدان فارس و ضمن استفاده از تکنیک­های مشاهده، مطالعه اسنادی،  و ضبط صوتی و کتبی مصاحبه­ها، جهت انجام کدگذاری باز، با استفاده از تکنیک “تحلیل سطر به سطر” اقدام به تحلیل یافته­ها گردید. نهایتاًً، تعداد 158 مفهوم شناسایی و طبقه­بندی شد. سپس، با روش کد­گذاری محوری از میان مقولات استخراج شده تعداد سه مقوله "نگرش زیست محیطی"، "موقعیت اقتصادی" و "سیاست­های زیست­محیطی"، به­عنوان مقوله­های اصلی و شش مقوله با عنوان­های دسترسی به منابع، مسایل زمینه­ای، آموزش، تکنولوژی، تعاون و مشارکت و تأثیر هم­نوعان و تجارب بومی به­عنوان مقولات فرعی قلمداد شدند و در نهایت، در مرحله کدگذاری گزینشی، با شناسایی مقوله هسته­ای، مدل پارادایمی ترسیم گردید.

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