شناسایی نشانگرهای پایداری اقتصادی و اجتماعی کشاورزی خانوادگی کوچک - مقیاس

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری توسعه کشاورزی، گروه ترویج و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبزیز

2 دانشیار گروه ترویج و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

3 استادیار گروه ترویج و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی،‌ دانشگاه تبریز

4 استاد دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی،‌ پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

ویژگی بارز بخش کشاورزی ایران، تعدد واحدهای بهره­برداری خانوادگی خرد است که بیشتر به فعالیت­های زراعی می­پردازند. پایداری این واحدها با پایداری بخش کشاورزی و جامعه­ی روستایی کشور ارتباط دارد. از آنجا ­که نشانگرها، ابزار اصلی سنجش پایداری و معیارهای کلیدی برای هدف­گذاری، برنامه­ریزی و تدوین و ارزشیابی طرح­ها و پروژه­های توسعه­ی پایدار کشاورزی به­شمار می­روند؛ شناسایی نشانگرهای مناسب برای سنجش پایداری اقتصادی و اجتماعی کشاورزی خانوادگی کوچک­- مقیاس ضرورت دارد. نیل به این مهم هدف کلی تحقیق حاضر ­می­باشد. در این تحقیق که دارای ماهیت اکتشافی و ارزشیابی است از روش دلفی فازی استفاده شد. جامعه­ی­ آماری متشکل از متخصصان دانشگاهی، مؤسسات تحقیقاتی و دستگاه­های اجرایی کشور بودند که تعداد 15 نفر از آن­ها با روش نمونه­گیری هدفمند انتخاب گردید. ابزار تحقیق شامل پرسشنامه­ی­­ نیمه­ساختارمند در دور نخست و پرسشنامه­ی­­ ساختارمند برای گردآوری داده­ها در دورهای دوم و سوم بود. تبدیل عبارت­های کلامی به اعداد فازی با استفاده از طیف­های فازی رایج صورت پذیرفت. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که از میان 36 نشانگر اقتصادی و 51 نشانگر اجتماعی، به ترتیب 11 و 14 نشانگر برای سنجش پایداری بهره­برداری­های زراعی خانوادگی کوچک­-مقیاس مناسب­تر بوده و می­توانند در پژوهش­ها و نیز سیاستگذاری و برنامه­ریزی مرتبط با پایداری این نظام مورد استفاده قرار گیرند.

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