University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research 2008-4838 52 1 2021 03 21 Evaluating the impact of Environmental Quality Indicators on The Financial Development in Iran Evaluating the impact of Environmental Quality Indicators on The Financial Development in Iran 1 10 80173 10.22059/ijaedr.2020.275451.668720 FA Ahmad Fatahi Ardakai Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ardakan, Yazd, Iran. 0000-0002-3609-6345 Fateme Sakhi PhD student, Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tehran University, Iran. Journal Article 2019 02 06 The financial sector plays a central role in economic growth and development, as well as a mediating role in allocating resources to all sectors of the economy, by reducing financing costs and encouraging savings and efficient use of them. Given global warming and global climate change simultaneously with the goal of achieving optimal economic growth, attention to environmental protection and reduction of environmental pollutants is one of the policy makers' concerns. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of environmental quality indices on financial development indicators in Iran during the period 1970-2015 using the seemingly unrelated Regression model. For this purpose, some environmental quality indicators, including agricultural production, population density, carbon dioxide emissions, energy use, and three indices of financial development including broad money supply, domestic credit to the private sector, and consumer price index were used, which were estimated separately for each of the financial development indices. The results showed that population density and energy consumption had a positive and significant effect on financial development indicators. On the other hand, carbon dioxide emissions, agricultural production and fossil fuel energy use have a significant and negative effect. Considering the findings of this study can play an important role in sectoral policy making and reducing the effects of environmental degradation by economic sectors. These results are important for policymakers in designing energy resource management policies and sustainable financial and economic development. The financial sector plays a central role in economic growth and development, as well as a mediating role in allocating resources to all sectors of the economy, by reducing financing costs and encouraging savings and efficient use of them. Given global warming and global climate change simultaneously with the goal of achieving optimal economic growth, attention to environmental protection and reduction of environmental pollutants is one of the policy makers' concerns. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of environmental quality indices on financial development indicators in Iran during the period 1970-2015 using the seemingly unrelated Regression model. For this purpose, some environmental quality indicators, including agricultural production, population density, carbon dioxide emissions, energy use, and three indices of financial development including broad money supply, domestic credit to the private sector, and consumer price index were used, which were estimated separately for each of the financial development indices. The results showed that population density and energy consumption had a positive and significant effect on financial development indicators. On the other hand, carbon dioxide emissions, agricultural production and fossil fuel energy use have a significant and negative effect. Considering the findings of this study can play an important role in sectoral policy making and reducing the effects of environmental degradation by economic sectors. These results are important for policymakers in designing energy resource management policies and sustainable financial and economic development. https://ijaedr.ut.ac.ir/article_80173_b30a823f7b46f2915bad1e66099a2598.pdf

University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research 2008-4838 52 1 2021 03 21 Investigating the Welfare and economic Effects of Taleghan Water Transfer Project in the form of a General Dynamic Equilibrium Model Investigating the Welfare and economic Effects of Taleghan Water Transfer Project in the form of a General Dynamic Equilibrium Model 11 31 80177 10.22059/ijaedr.2020.279589.668737 FA Shahrbanoo Bagheri PhD student ،Department of Agricultural Economics,Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz,Tabriz, Iran 0000-0001-6641-2444 Baballah Haiati Professor, Department Agricultural Economic,Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz,Tabriz, Iran 0000-0002-2937-3623 Saeid Yazdani Professor of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Economics and Agricultural Development, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran 0000-0002-9403-9963 Mortaza Baky-haskuee Assistant Professor and Visiting Professor ,Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics , York University, ON, Canada Journal Article 2019 06 08 Increasing demand for water resources and reducing resources has led to the implementation of various water management policies and procedures. Water transfer plans are one of these methods, which on the one hand is a response to the problem of imbalance with the distribution of the population and its related activities, and on the other hand, the spatial distribution of water. These plans, while is a solution to the water crisis, have effects. Therefore, this study investigates the long-term welfare and economic effects of Taleghan water transfer project to Tehran Province in 30 years in the form of a general dynamic equilibrium model. For this purpose, the input-output table of Tehran province was first designed and social accounting matrix was obtained. and then the dynamic general equilibrium model was used to investigate water transfer in the long-run. The results of this study show the negative effects of household welfare,and the effect of these projects on gross output, value added, investment demand, household demand in agriculture, industry and services is not significant, and also in This trend continues for 30 years. Hence, the results of such studies and studies of other effects can be a guide for planners and policymakers for future plans. Increasing demand for water resources and reducing resources has led to the implementation of various water management policies and procedures. Water transfer plans are one of these methods, which on the one hand is a response to the problem of imbalance with the distribution of the population and its related activities, and on the other hand, the spatial distribution of water. These plans, while is a solution to the water crisis, have effects. Therefore, this study investigates the long-term welfare and economic effects of Taleghan water transfer project to Tehran Province in 30 years in the form of a general dynamic equilibrium model. For this purpose, the input-output table of Tehran province was first designed and social accounting matrix was obtained. and then the dynamic general equilibrium model was used to investigate water transfer in the long-run. The results of this study show the negative effects of household welfare,and the effect of these projects on gross output, value added, investment demand, household demand in agriculture, industry and services is not significant, and also in This trend continues for 30 years. Hence, the results of such studies and studies of other effects can be a guide for planners and policymakers for future plans. https://ijaedr.ut.ac.ir/article_80177_5945f39f9f61fe06bf2a8e2624462548.pdf

University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research 2008-4838 52 1 2021 03 21 Analysis of the effective factors on dimensions of sustainable agricultural development in Khorasan Razavi province, using seemingly unrelated regression equations Analysis of the effective factors on dimensions of sustainable agricultural development in Khorasan Razavi province, using seemingly unrelated regression equations 33 52 80192 10.22059/ijaedr.2021.308780.668977 FA Hossein Rohani Ph.D student in Agricultural Economics, International Campus, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran Mohammad Ghorbani Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran 0000-0002-3683-8273 Mohammadreza Kohansal Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran Journal Article 2020 11 29 Sustainable agricultural development is a multidimensional concept, has become increasingly important over time. Therefore, identifying the factors affecting each of the dimensions of sustainable agriculture is necessary for proper planning. In this paper, an attempt is made to determine the factors affecting the four dimensions of sustainable agricultural development in Khorasan Razavi province by using seemingly unrelated regression equations (SURE) and using a sample of 398 farmers selected by two-stage random cluster method. Data obtained from the completion of the questionnaire in 2019. The results show that, the average indicator of social sustainability is 0.55, environmental sustainability is 0.47, economic sustainability is 0.41 and political sustainability is 0.32. Also, there are significat correlations between variables of participation in training courses, interest in agriculture and job satisfaction with the components of agricultural sustainability. There is significat correlation between membership in farmers' cooperative with political stability, land ownership with social and political components, and land integration with economic component of sustainability. Accordingly, it is suggested that extension trainings in the field of sustainable agriculture be developed. According to the priority of managerial sustainability, investment in agricultural infrastructure, improvement of decision-making methods, development and strengthening of agricultural organizations, development of support laws and the development of sustainable employment be on the desicionmakers. In addition, developing a proper marketing system with the aim of preventing waste and reducing production costs will ensure the stability of farmers' incomes. Sustainable agricultural development is a multidimensional concept, has become increasingly important over time. Therefore, identifying the factors affecting each of the dimensions of sustainable agriculture is necessary for proper planning. In this paper, an attempt is made to determine the factors affecting the four dimensions of sustainable agricultural development in Khorasan Razavi province by using seemingly unrelated regression equations (SURE) and using a sample of 398 farmers selected by two-stage random cluster method. Data obtained from the completion of the questionnaire in 2019. The results show that, the average indicator of social sustainability is 0.55, environmental sustainability is 0.47, economic sustainability is 0.41 and political sustainability is 0.32. Also, there are significat correlations between variables of participation in training courses, interest in agriculture and job satisfaction with the components of agricultural sustainability. There is significat correlation between membership in farmers' cooperative with political stability, land ownership with social and political components, and land integration with economic component of sustainability. Accordingly, it is suggested that extension trainings in the field of sustainable agriculture be developed. According to the priority of managerial sustainability, investment in agricultural infrastructure, improvement of decision-making methods, development and strengthening of agricultural organizations, development of support laws and the development of sustainable employment be on the desicionmakers. In addition, developing a proper marketing system with the aim of preventing waste and reducing production costs will ensure the stability of farmers' incomes. https://ijaedr.ut.ac.ir/article_80192_a66a91884821d2d8f878589b4274ce09.pdf

University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research 2008-4838 52 1 2021 03 21 Investigating the Impact of Globalization on CO2 Emissions in the MENA Region: Application of Spatial Regression Investigating the Impact of Globalization on CO2 Emissions in the MENA Region: Application of Spatial Regression 53 68 80194 10.22059/ijaedr.2020.280113.668739 FA Ali Reza Sani Heidary PhD Student, Agricultural Economics Department, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran 0000-0003-1690-420X Milad Aminizadeh PhD Student of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural Economics Department, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran 0000-0003-1253-8599 Mahmood Sabouhi Sabouni Professor of Agricultural Economics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran Elnaz Khanzadeh Shadloosofla MSc student of Agricultural Economics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran Andisheh Riahi Master of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural Economics Department, University of Tehran, Karaj,, Iran Journal Article 2019 04 27 The CO2 emission is one of the components of global warming which has been more attention paid. Globalization as a phenomenon in the world has been affected the economic and social aspects of people. Therefore, given that globalization and the growing share of countries in the global trade network require extensive economic and productive activities, there is doubt about the impact of globalization on CO2 emissions. Considering the lack of consensus, the present study seeks to answer the question of whether globalization will increase or reduce CO2 emissions. To achieve the aim spatial panel data is used. The results of this study showed that globalization has a positive and significant effect on CO2 emissions in the MENA region. In other words, the growing trend of globalization has led to increasing CO2 emissions. Also, due to the spatial relationship between the MENA countries, it is suggested that countries begin to more cooperation and common policies in order to reduce the negative effects of economic activities on the environment. The CO2 emission is one of the components of global warming which has been more attention paid. Globalization as a phenomenon in the world has been affected the economic and social aspects of people. Therefore, given that globalization and the growing share of countries in the global trade network require extensive economic and productive activities, there is doubt about the impact of globalization on CO2 emissions. Considering the lack of consensus, the present study seeks to answer the question of whether globalization will increase or reduce CO2 emissions. To achieve the aim spatial panel data is used. The results of this study showed that globalization has a positive and significant effect on CO2 emissions in the MENA region. In other words, the growing trend of globalization has led to increasing CO2 emissions. Also, due to the spatial relationship between the MENA countries, it is suggested that countries begin to more cooperation and common policies in order to reduce the negative effects of economic activities on the environment. https://ijaedr.ut.ac.ir/article_80194_42986540b6defe682dd0276ab887c5c4.pdf

University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research 2008-4838 52 1 2021 03 21 Analyzing The Impacts of Vineyards Consolidation in Hamedan Province According to The Gardeners Opinion Analyzing The Impacts of Vineyards Consolidation in Hamedan Province According to The Gardeners Opinion 69 80 80195 10.22059/ijaedr.2020.138006.668142 FA Shabnam Sarvaramini PhD. Student, Department of Agricultural Management and Development, Faculty of Agricultural Economics and Development, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran Ali Asadi Professor, Department of Agricultural Management and Development, Faculty of Agricultural Economics and Development, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran 0000-0002-2558-3690 Khalil Kalantari Professor, Department of Agricultural Management and Development, Faculty of Agricultural Economics and Development, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran 0000-0001-6870-0941 Omid Sharifi Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Collage of Agricultural, University of Jiroft, Jiroft, Iran Journal Article 2015 12 10 Considering the importance of agriculture, in recent years, different methods to achieve the objectives of agricultural development, has been considered. One of them is the land consolidation plan that implementation of which has different effects. The aim of this study was investigation and analyzing the impacts of vineyards consolidation in Hamedan province. This study was a survey research and the data collection instrument was a questionnaire. The sample consisted 203 gardeners that were implemented the land consolidation plan its own vineyard in 2010. The validity of research tool was obtained by idea of experts. The data were analyzed with SPSS. Result of factor analysis showed that, five factors named as economic, social, technical, environmental and institutional effects explained 61.74% of variance of effects of vineyards consolidation and the economical effects were the most effective impacts of vineyards consolidation plan in Hamedan province according to opinion of gardeners. Considering the importance of agriculture, in recent years, different methods to achieve the objectives of agricultural development, has been considered. One of them is the land consolidation plan that implementation of which has different effects. The aim of this study was investigation and analyzing the impacts of vineyards consolidation in Hamedan province. This study was a survey research and the data collection instrument was a questionnaire. The sample consisted 203 gardeners that were implemented the land consolidation plan its own vineyard in 2010. The validity of research tool was obtained by idea of experts. The data were analyzed with SPSS. Result of factor analysis showed that, five factors named as economic, social, technical, environmental and institutional effects explained 61.74% of variance of effects of vineyards consolidation and the economical effects were the most effective impacts of vineyards consolidation plan in Hamedan province according to opinion of gardeners. https://ijaedr.ut.ac.ir/article_80195_63bc13335b046290e73b4c46c86f82d0.pdf

University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research 2008-4838 52 1 2021 03 21 Investigating The Mediating Role of Economic And Family Environment in Analyzing The Effect of Media on The Lifestyle of Rural People in Zanjan County Investigating The Mediating Role of Economic And Family Environment in Analyzing The Effect of Media on The Lifestyle of Rural People in Zanjan County 81 92 80209 10.22059/ijaedr.2021.122356.667970 FA Soheila Fathi MSc Student in Rural Development, Departmen t of Extension, Communication and Rural Development, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran Mohammad Badsar Assistant Professors, Department of Extension, Communication and Rural Development, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran 0000-0002-0264-9116 Hossein Shabanali Fami Professors, Department of Agricultural Development & Management, Faculty of Agricultural Economics & Development, University of Tehran, , Karaj, Iran 0000-0002-4885-0317 Rohollah Rezaei Associate Professors, Department of Agricultural Extension, Communication and Rural Development, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, , Zanjan, Iran Journal Article 2019 05 06 Development of new technology not only has been facilitated the rural people access to services but also has been provided the bases for transmission patterns of urban life into the rural communities through the growth of media. Then all communities in recent decades have been changed under the influence of the media on the various aspects of social, psychological, economic and physical. Therefore, this study aims to invetigate the mediating role of economic and family environment in analyzing the effect of media on the lifestyle of the rural people in Zanjan County by applying a survey method. The population of this study consisted of all rural residents in Zanjan county that through using multi-stage cluster sampling 250 respondents were selected. Questionnaires were used to collect the data. Questionnaire in addition to the individual characteristics including the main variables consisted of lifestyle (with components of social, psychological, spiritual and physical health) and environmental factors (including media, family and economic environment), which all were measured using five level Likert scale (1 = very low to 5 = very high). Data analysis was performed using SPSS₂₀ and AMOS₂₀softwares. The results showed that the direct effect of media on lifestyle was negative and significant. Also the result based on bootstrap method showed that the indirect effect of media on lifestyle via the economic and family environment was significant. Development of new technology not only has been facilitated the rural people access to services but also has been provided the bases for transmission patterns of urban life into the rural communities through the growth of media. Then all communities in recent decades have been changed under the influence of the media on the various aspects of social, psychological, economic and physical. Therefore, this study aims to invetigate the mediating role of economic and family environment in analyzing the effect of media on the lifestyle of the rural people in Zanjan County by applying a survey method. The population of this study consisted of all rural residents in Zanjan county that through using multi-stage cluster sampling 250 respondents were selected. Questionnaires were used to collect the data. Questionnaire in addition to the individual characteristics including the main variables consisted of lifestyle (with components of social, psychological, spiritual and physical health) and environmental factors (including media, family and economic environment), which all were measured using five level Likert scale (1 = very low to 5 = very high). Data analysis was performed using SPSS₂₀ and AMOS₂₀softwares. The results showed that the direct effect of media on lifestyle was negative and significant. Also the result based on bootstrap method showed that the indirect effect of media on lifestyle via the economic and family environment was significant. https://ijaedr.ut.ac.ir/article_80209_ce4b97085fbcafbc839c820ababf6dd3.pdf

University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research 2008-4838 52 1 2021 03 21 Consequences of Assignment of Operation and Maintenance Management of Sistan Plain Irrigation Network Based on Gray System Theory Consequences of Assignment of Operation and Maintenance Management of Sistan Plain Irrigation Network Based on Gray System Theory 93 106 80211 10.22059/ijaedr.2021.313714.668975 FA Mahmoud Mohammadghasemi Assistant Professor of Economic, Social and Extension Research Department, Sistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Zabol, Iran Ahmad Ghasemi Assistant Professor of Agronomy and Horticulture Research Department, Sistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Zabol, Iran Iraj Ghasemi Assistant Professor , Faculty member of institution of humanity and social sciences of ACECR, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2020 11 17 One of the main bottlenecks in Sistan area is the lack of water for irrigating agricultural productions and other uses. During the droughts of the last 20 years, there has been no choice for local people, but there have been some opportunities to employ some mechanisms and methods to improve water management in this area. Recently, the demand management has been considered as a logical solution to achieve the goal of sustainable water use. One of the mechanisms and methods to improve water exploitation management in Sistan area is the implementation of water supply project through piping and the use of pumping systems. This project, a national plan, has been started since 2014 for providing the water resources to 46,000 hectares of lands in Sistan plain. Therefore. the present research aims to explore how to use and maintain this network from the perspective of local farmers and experts. Data were collected by interviews with governmental managers and experts of the irrigation networks use company and the farmers’ representatives during the 2018-2019 cropping year. Gray method has been used to determine the optimal pattern of operation and maintenance of the irrigation network. The results showed that the most important positive effects have included handing over network management, creating employment, reducing rural migration, increasing productivity of productions, gaining confidence of farmers in terms of food supply and income, proper distribution of water, more use of irrigation network and reduction of waste of water resources, increasing the sense of responsibility and ownership of farmers towards the use of irrigation network and its protection. Also the most important negative consequences have consisted the lack of trust for fulfilling responsibility, insufficient understanding and cooperation between water users, farmers’ heterogeneity, little attention to education and extension, lack of experience, loss of resources, lack of attention. The economic problems of water users are the loss of legal support of the organization and the inadequacy of the existing understanding and cooperation between water users. Considering that at present neither the leading operators nor the cooperatives created have enough information about their duties in organizing the management and maintenance of the network and carrying out the desired activities. The most important proposed solution is complete training and awareness raising of the operators. Progress is in the process of assigning the irrigation network to suitable options.   One of the main bottlenecks in Sistan area is the lack of water for irrigating agricultural productions and other uses. During the droughts of the last 20 years, there has been no choice for local people, but there have been some opportunities to employ some mechanisms and methods to improve water management in this area. Recently, the demand management has been considered as a logical solution to achieve the goal of sustainable water use. One of the mechanisms and methods to improve water exploitation management in Sistan area is the implementation of water supply project through piping and the use of pumping systems. This project, a national plan, has been started since 2014 for providing the water resources to 46,000 hectares of lands in Sistan plain. Therefore. the present research aims to explore how to use and maintain this network from the perspective of local farmers and experts. Data were collected by interviews with governmental managers and experts of the irrigation networks use company and the farmers’ representatives during the 2018-2019 cropping year. Gray method has been used to determine the optimal pattern of operation and maintenance of the irrigation network. The results showed that the most important positive effects have included handing over network management, creating employment, reducing rural migration, increasing productivity of productions, gaining confidence of farmers in terms of food supply and income, proper distribution of water, more use of irrigation network and reduction of waste of water resources, increasing the sense of responsibility and ownership of farmers towards the use of irrigation network and its protection. Also the most important negative consequences have consisted the lack of trust for fulfilling responsibility, insufficient understanding and cooperation between water users, farmers’ heterogeneity, little attention to education and extension, lack of experience, loss of resources, lack of attention. The economic problems of water users are the loss of legal support of the organization and the inadequacy of the existing understanding and cooperation between water users. Considering that at present neither the leading operators nor the cooperatives created have enough information about their duties in organizing the management and maintenance of the network and carrying out the desired activities. The most important proposed solution is complete training and awareness raising of the operators. Progress is in the process of assigning the irrigation network to suitable options.   https://ijaedr.ut.ac.ir/article_80211_6e7c5a10da966872bad42d02b9375eb0.pdf

University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research 2008-4838 52 1 2021 03 21 A Moral Extension of the Theory of Planned Behavior to Predict Farmers' Intention to Perform Water Resources Conservation Measures in Zanjan County A Moral Extension of the Theory of Planned Behavior to Predict Farmers' Intention to Perform Water Resources Conservation Measures in Zanjan County 107 125 80210 10.22059/ijaedr.2020.309143.668946 FA Sepideh Valinia MSc. in Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran Leila Safa Assistant Prof. of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran 0009-0006-1567-3066 Journal Article 2020 09 01 Water is one of the most essential components of the natural environment and at the same time one of the main inputs of the agricultural sector which its shortage has led to many communities have faced the serious challenges. In this regard, many researchers and experts consider human beings as the pivot of water resources conservation programs and believe that conservation of water resources depends on accurate understanding of the components and constructs affecting stakeholders' conservation intentions and behaviors in different sections especially in the agricultural sector. Considering the importance of the issue, the main purpose of this descriptive-correlative research was to identify of factors affecting farmers' intention to perform water resources conservation measures (WRCMs) based on the extended theory of planned behavior (TPB). The statistical population of the study comprised farmers in the central district of Zanjan County among which 330 persons were selected through random sampling method. A questionnaire based on the extended TPB model was used to collect the data. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts. The construct validity and the composite reliability of the research instrument were tested by estimating the measurement model and they were satisfied after making necessary corrections. The empirical results of the study indicated that the main components of the original TPB model including attitude, perceived behavioral control and social norms had statistically significant positive effects on the intention to perform WRCMs and explained about 45% of its variances. Furthermore, after the inclusion of the variable of moral norms in the TPB model, the predictive power of the model was found to increase up to 6%. According the findings, the main suggestions of this study to improve farmers' intention to perform WRCMs are: giving financial facilities and credits and providing technical advice by experts, implementing large-scale social awareness programs, and highlighting the importance of conserving water resources as an important moral norm. Water is one of the most essential components of the natural environment and at the same time one of the main inputs of the agricultural sector which its shortage has led to many communities have faced the serious challenges. In this regard, many researchers and experts consider human beings as the pivot of water resources conservation programs and believe that conservation of water resources depends on accurate understanding of the components and constructs affecting stakeholders' conservation intentions and behaviors in different sections especially in the agricultural sector. Considering the importance of the issue, the main purpose of this descriptive-correlative research was to identify of factors affecting farmers' intention to perform water resources conservation measures (WRCMs) based on the extended theory of planned behavior (TPB). The statistical population of the study comprised farmers in the central district of Zanjan County among which 330 persons were selected through random sampling method. A questionnaire based on the extended TPB model was used to collect the data. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts. The construct validity and the composite reliability of the research instrument were tested by estimating the measurement model and they were satisfied after making necessary corrections. The empirical results of the study indicated that the main components of the original TPB model including attitude, perceived behavioral control and social norms had statistically significant positive effects on the intention to perform WRCMs and explained about 45% of its variances. Furthermore, after the inclusion of the variable of moral norms in the TPB model, the predictive power of the model was found to increase up to 6%. According the findings, the main suggestions of this study to improve farmers' intention to perform WRCMs are: giving financial facilities and credits and providing technical advice by experts, implementing large-scale social awareness programs, and highlighting the importance of conserving water resources as an important moral norm. https://ijaedr.ut.ac.ir/article_80210_6e9bbaa8adc08210d74dc2b5e0668304.pdf

University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research 2008-4838 52 1 2021 03 21 Determinants of Wheat Farmers' Decision to Adoption a Crop Risk Management Tools in Ilam Province Determinants of Wheat Farmers' Decision to Adoption a Crop Risk Management Tools in Ilam Province 127 142 80212 10.22059/ijaedr.2020.302342.668904 FA Yaser Mohammadi Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran 0000-0002-8752-7619 Zolfaghar Ahmadi Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran Journal Article 2020 05 06 Agriculture is always been known for the high production, market and financial risks that farmers face. There are tools for crop risk management whose adoption depends on farmers' decisions and persuasions. The main purpose of this research was to study the determinants of wheat farmers' decision to adoption a crop risk management tools in Ilam Province. The study was an empirical research, which followed a quantitative paradigm based on a survey research method. The required data collected through interviewing 150 farmers and completing a researcher-made questionnaire. Two-stage random sampling was performed and the data were analyzed using Logit model in Shazam software environment. The results showed that variables such as area under cultivation, income level, level of education, agriculture as the main job, the previous records of loss, awareness about insurance and its benefits, amount of payment for crop loss had significantly a positive effect on the likelihood of adoption of a crop risk management tools by farmers. While the time to pay crop loss had a significant negative effect on the likelihood of adoption of a risk management tools. It is recommended that some policies be adopted to increase farmers' awareness about the crop insurance benefits and to reduce the time of crop loss payments by the authorities. Agriculture is always been known for the high production, market and financial risks that farmers face. There are tools for crop risk management whose adoption depends on farmers' decisions and persuasions. The main purpose of this research was to study the determinants of wheat farmers' decision to adoption a crop risk management tools in Ilam Province. The study was an empirical research, which followed a quantitative paradigm based on a survey research method. The required data collected through interviewing 150 farmers and completing a researcher-made questionnaire. Two-stage random sampling was performed and the data were analyzed using Logit model in Shazam software environment. The results showed that variables such as area under cultivation, income level, level of education, agriculture as the main job, the previous records of loss, awareness about insurance and its benefits, amount of payment for crop loss had significantly a positive effect on the likelihood of adoption of a crop risk management tools by farmers. While the time to pay crop loss had a significant negative effect on the likelihood of adoption of a risk management tools. It is recommended that some policies be adopted to increase farmers' awareness about the crop insurance benefits and to reduce the time of crop loss payments by the authorities. https://ijaedr.ut.ac.ir/article_80212_51b66a7069b16efbd301565ff118c778.pdf

University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research 2008-4838 52 1 2021 03 21 An Analysis of Heterogeneity Effect of Leadership on the Quality of Work Life of Agricultural Extension Staff, Using FIMIX Algorithm An Analysis of Heterogeneity Effect of Leadership on the Quality of Work Life of Agricultural Extension Staff, Using FIMIX Algorithm 143 158 80213 10.22059/ijaedr.2020.256768.668599 FA Amir Alambeigi Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural extension and education, Faculty of Economics and development, university of Tehran, Karaj, Iran 0000-0001-6576-2071 Sina Sahebdel MSc. Student, Department of Agricultural extension and education, Faculty of Economics and development, university of Tehran, Karaj, Iran Ahmad Rezvanfar Professor, Department of Agricultural extension and education, Faculty of Economics and development, university of Tehran, Karaj, Iran 0000-0001-8320-791X Journal Article 2019 05 06 Current empirical research was conducted with the aim of examining the role of leader-member exchange quality on the quality of work life of employees. The statistical population was consisted of employees of the Agricultural extension in Tehran province, among which 51 were selected as the sample. Respondents were selected by simple random sampling method. The research tool was a questionnaire whose validity was verified by face validity, structural validity and discriminant validity, and reliability coefficients including Cronbach's alpha and ordinal tetha showed satisfied reliability. The dominant statistical method was partial least squares modeling which, by calculating its coefficients and using the finite Mixture algorithm, the intangible heterogeneity classes in the research data of the research are explored and by matching the results of the classifier composition of FIMIX on the LMX scale, it became clear that the leader-member action space architecture followed the organizational dual architecture. The results of the research show that in the organization of agricultural extension in the area of leadership task, the employees, who are in the out-of-band environment, experience adverse work life quality and are likely to be exposed to burnout conditions. Therefore, it seems that studying the architecture of organizational leadership space is an important step in improving human resource management. Given that leadership is very important for stimulating social change, improving its organizational leadership can have a significant impact on the social system's preparedness for change. By combining the results of this research with the theory of contingency leadership and transformational leadership, a comprehensive leadership model can be found from the point of view of determining the favorable climate of the leader-member's action and reducing organizational conflicts. Current empirical research was conducted with the aim of examining the role of leader-member exchange quality on the quality of work life of employees. The statistical population was consisted of employees of the Agricultural extension in Tehran province, among which 51 were selected as the sample. Respondents were selected by simple random sampling method. The research tool was a questionnaire whose validity was verified by face validity, structural validity and discriminant validity, and reliability coefficients including Cronbach's alpha and ordinal tetha showed satisfied reliability. The dominant statistical method was partial least squares modeling which, by calculating its coefficients and using the finite Mixture algorithm, the intangible heterogeneity classes in the research data of the research are explored and by matching the results of the classifier composition of FIMIX on the LMX scale, it became clear that the leader-member action space architecture followed the organizational dual architecture. The results of the research show that in the organization of agricultural extension in the area of leadership task, the employees, who are in the out-of-band environment, experience adverse work life quality and are likely to be exposed to burnout conditions. Therefore, it seems that studying the architecture of organizational leadership space is an important step in improving human resource management. Given that leadership is very important for stimulating social change, improving its organizational leadership can have a significant impact on the social system's preparedness for change. By combining the results of this research with the theory of contingency leadership and transformational leadership, a comprehensive leadership model can be found from the point of view of determining the favorable climate of the leader-member's action and reducing organizational conflicts. https://ijaedr.ut.ac.ir/article_80213_3455f3b86ee04c3e5f9c1c89a7b6611d.pdf

University of Tehran Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research 2008-4838 52 1 2021 03 21 Effect of social capital on the performance of WUAs with the mediating role of participation in Lorestan province Effect of social capital on the performance of WUAs with the mediating role of participation in Lorestan province 159 175 80245 10.22059/ijaedr.2020.290114.668825 FA Heshmatollah Saadi Associate Professorof Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran 0000-0002-7684-5582 Fatemeh Sepahvand Ph.D. Student of Agricultural Development, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran 0000-0002-6289-8579 Saeed Gholamrezai Assistant Professor of Rural Development, Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Lorestan University, Khoram Abad Iran 0000-0003-3070-137X Journal Article 2019 10 30 The main purpose of this research is Investigating the effect of social capital on the performance of WUAs in Lorestan province. This is applied research. The statistical population included all farmers in Lorestan province (N = 1978). 265 farmers were selected by Cochran's formula. The research tool was a questionnaire that examined farmers 'participation, farmers' social capital, and the performance of WUAs. The results of this study showed that the performance of these organizations has been successful in reducing disputes between farmers and fair distribution of water as well as security for the timely delivery of water. The results showed that in the "structural dimension" the highest scores were as follows:"Participation in decision-making and member relationships and managerial responsibility".Also in the "dimension of cognition", the highest score was as follows:"Components of Behavior, Trust and Value". It was also found that participation has a direct role in influencing the performance of WUAs and these components account for 76.2% of the variance of the dependent variable. The main purpose of this research is Investigating the effect of social capital on the performance of WUAs in Lorestan province. This is applied research. The statistical population included all farmers in Lorestan province (N = 1978). 265 farmers were selected by Cochran's formula. The research tool was a questionnaire that examined farmers 'participation, farmers' social capital, and the performance of WUAs. The results of this study showed that the performance of these organizations has been successful in reducing disputes between farmers and fair distribution of water as well as security for the timely delivery of water. The results showed that in the "structural dimension" the highest scores were as follows:"Participation in decision-making and member relationships and managerial responsibility".Also in the "dimension of cognition", the highest score was as follows:"Components of Behavior, Trust and Value". It was also found that participation has a direct role in influencing the performance of WUAs and these components account for 76.2% of the variance of the dependent variable. https://ijaedr.ut.ac.ir/article_80245_892df885d195e4cde76eff46452cdc85.pdf