ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
بررسی اثر تغییرات تولید محصولات خام کشاورزی بر تولید محصولات غذایی فرآوری شده (تحلیلی در چارچوب جداول داده- ستانده)
تولید در بخش کشاورزی همواره با نوساناتی مواجه است. از آنجا که بخش کشاورزی تأمینکننده نهاده بسیاری از بخشهای اقتصادی است، نوسانات تولید در این بخش به بخشهای وابسته منتقل میشود و تولید آنها را دچار نوسان میگرداند. نظر بهاینکه صنایع غذایی و آشامیدنی از عمدهترین صنایع وابسته به بخش کشاورزی است، هدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی تاثیر تغییرات تولید در زیربخشهای کشاورزی (زراعت، باغداری، دام و طیور، پرورش آبزیان و جنگلداری) بر تولیدات صنایع غذایی و آشامیدنی است. به این منظور، از الگوی عرضه محور گش مبتنی بر جدول داده- ستانده به عنوان چارچوب تحلیلی بهره گرفته شده است. همچنین، بهمنظور بررسی روند تاثیر تغییرات تولید بخش کشاورزی بر صنایع غذایی در سه دهه گذشته از جداول داده- ستانده سالهای 1365، 1370 و 1380 استفاده شده است. نتایج حاکی از آن است که تغییر در تولید زیر بخشهای کشاورزی، تولید محصولات غذایی و آشامیدنی را بیش از تولید سایر بخشها تحت تاثیر قرار میدهد. بررسی تغییر در ارتباط بین زیر بخشهای کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی نشان میدهد که در طول سالهای مورد بررسی، این ارتباط در مورد زیر بخش ماهی و سایر آبزیان بیشتر شده است. در مورد زیر بخش محصولات دامی و طیور ارتباطات ثابت بوده در حالیکه سایر زیر بخشهای کشاورزی کاهش ارتباط با بخش صنایع غذایی و آشامیدنی را تجربه کردهاند. از یافتهها چنین نتیجهگیری میشود که برای خلق ارزش بیشتر از تولیدات محصولات زراعی و باغی، توسعه صنایع غذایی مرتبط تر با این محصولات میبایست بهصورت جدیتری مورد توجه قرار گیرد.
https://ijaedr.ut.ac.ir/article_69080_6b9e4397222f9457b718c969ecc618e5.pdf
2018-09-23
381
395
10.22059/ijaedr.2018.242636.668494
الگوی عرضه محور گش
پیوند پیشین
جدول داده- ستانده-بخش کشاورزی
ایران
وحیده
انصاری
vansari@ut.ac.ir
1
استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
حبیب اله
سلامی
hsalami@ut.ac.ir
2
استاد گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی ومنابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
AUTHOR
عطیه
متقی جزی
a.mottaqi@gmail.com
3
کارشناسی ارشد گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی ومنابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
AUTHOR
Ansari, V. (2009). Specifying the sources of output growth and determining the economic sectors with priority in investment in Iran: input-output and social accounting matrix approaches. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Tehran, Iran. (In Farsi).
1
Ansari, V. & Salami, H. (2014). Analysis of demand side policies on the growth of Agricultural Products in Iran. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 45 (1), 1-22 (In Farsi).
2
Ansari, V. & Salami, H. (2016). Decomposition of the effect of technological change on output growth in Iranian agricultural sector: A structural decomposition analysis. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 46 (4), 765-782 (In Farsi).
3
Banouei, A., Momeni, F., Amadeh, H., Zakeri, Z. & Karami, M. (2012). Measurement of decrease of agricultural output to the total output in the framework of supply-driven SAM. The journal of Economic policy, 4 (7), 1-30 (In Farsi).
4
Banouei, A. (2012). The effects of decrease in agricultural output on the output of the other sectors in the framework of mixed models with emphasis on the conventional and specific situations. Agricultural Economics and Development, 20 (79), 155-186 (In Farsi).
5
Cho, Ch. J. (2017). A note on distortions from estimating the regional impacts of exogenous changes in output. Economic Systems Research, 29 (3), 418-429.
6
Eiser, D. & Roberts, D. (2002). The employment and output effects of changing patterns of afforestation in Scotland. Journal of Agricultural Economics, 53, 65-81.
7
Fernandez–Macho, I., Gallastegui, C., & Gonzalez, P. (2008). Economic impacts of TAC regulation: a supply – driven SAM approach. Fisheries Research, 90, 225-234.
8
Hatamifard, S. (2012). Factors affecting the low performance of food processing and complementary industries: a case study, Zanjan province. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 42 (3), 413-421 (In Farsi).
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10. Kershner, K. & Hubacek, K. (2009). Assessing the Suitability of Input-Output Analysis for Enhancing Our Understanding of Potential Economic Effects of Oil Peak, Energy, 34:284-290.
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11. Kwak, S. J., Yoo, S. H. & Chang, J. I. (2005). The Role of the Maritime Industry in the Korean national economy: An Input–Output Analysis, Marine Policy, 29, 371–383.
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12. Miller, R. E. & Blair, P. D. (2009). Input–Output Analysis. Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York.
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13. Salami, H., Sadat Barikani, H., & Naeini, N. (2011). Can agriculture be considered a key sector for economic development in an oil producing country? The case of Iran. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 14(1), 1-10.
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14. Yoo, S. H. & Yang, C. Y. (2010). Role of water utility in the Korean national economy. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 15(4), 527–41.
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15. Yoo, S. H. & Yoo, T. H. (2009). The role of the nuclear power generation in the Korean national economy: An input output analysis. Progress in Nuclear Energy, 51, 86-92.
15
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر هزینه مبادله و تقاضای بیمه محصول گندم، جو و سیب زمینی در استان همدان
بیمه محصولات کشاورزی ساز و کاری مالی بشمار می آید که هدف آن حداقل کردن بی ثباتی ناشی از خسارات حاصل از عوامل گوناگون و نامشخص در بخش کشاورزی است. بالا بودن هزینه مبادله بیمه محصولات کشاورزی باعث کاهش گرایش و پذیرش بیمه توسط کشاورزان می گردد. هدف این پژوهش، اندازه گیری هزینه مبادله و عوامل مؤثر بر آن و برآورد تقاضای بیمه محصولات کشاورزی در استان همدان است. دادههای استفاده شده در این پژوهش از نوع دادههای مقطعی میباشند که در 245 پرسشنامه و در سال زراعی 93-94 به طور تصادفی از بین کشاورزان جمعآوری گردید. به منظور برآورد عوامل مؤثر بر هزینه مبادله از روش خطی و برآورد عوامل مؤثر در بیمه محصولات کشاورزی احتمال آنها توسط الگوی لاجیت و در نرم افزار Eviews برآورد گردید. نتایج نشان داد هزینه بالای مبادله بیمه محصولات کشاورزی 25 الی 30 درصد از هزینه کل بیمه را شامل شده که منجر به کاهش بیمهپذیری افراد میگردد. همچنین سطح تحصیلات، شیوه کشت و خسارت دریافتی، اثر مثبت و معنیداری بر هزینه مبادله داشته است. کشش تحصیلات تقاضای بیمه، 86/0 است. سطح زیر کشت و هزینه مبادله، اثر منفی بر تمایل کشاورزان به بیمهکردن محصول دارد و با یک واحد افزایش در سطح زیر کشت، تقاضای بیمه 34/0- واحد کاهش مییابد.
https://ijaedr.ut.ac.ir/article_69082_227dde06631575a3436a6df2c4c86244.pdf
2018-09-23
397
412
10.22059/ijaedr.2018.239840.668473
الگوی لاجیت
بازار محصول
بیمه محصولات
تقاضای بیمه
هزینه مبادله
حمید
بلالی
h-balali@basu.ac.ir
1
دانشیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
حبیب
شهبازی
hashahbazi@ut.ac.ir
2
استادیار اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه سید جمال الدین اسدآبادی، همدان، ایران
AUTHOR
حمید
کهزادی
hamidkohzadi@ut.ac.ir
3
کارشناس ارشد گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران
AUTHOR
Adams, D.W., & Nehman, G.I. (1978) “Borrowing Costs and Demand for Rural Credit.” The Journal of Development Studies, 15(1), 165-176.
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Adams, D.W. (1982) “Physical Examinations for Rural Financial Markets in Low Income Countries.” Meyer’s memorial Lecture, the Ohio State University.
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10. Ghorbani, M. (1997) "Performance granting loans to farmers: the hidden costs of loans. Jihad magazine, numbers (3-202): 56-50. (In Farsi).
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11. Ghorbani, M. Karbassi, a., & Qaderi, z. (2000) "Evaluation of Factors Affecting the Adoption insurance of agricultural products". Summary of the Third Conference of Agricultural Economics Iran, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 127-137. (In Farsi).
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12. Hojjati, B., & Bockstael, N. E. (1988) Modeling the demand for crop insurance. Multiple peril crop insurance: A collection of empirical studies. H. Mapp (Ed). Southern Cooperative Series Bulletin, No. 334, 76-153.
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13. Hosseini, S.S., & Khaledi, M. (2005) "Evaluation of transaction costs of providing agricultural credit in Iran Case Study: Rice Producers Mazandaran province," Journal of Food Science and Technology Iran, 57. (In Farsi).
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14. Hosseini, S.S., Khaledi, M, Ghorbani, M., & Hassanpour, A. (2009) "Study of transaction costs the bank facilities of agriculture in rural areas." Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development, Volume 23, p. 45-36. (In Farsi).
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20. Lee,Y.K.(1982). Considerations in the Introduction of Crop Insurance to Rice Sector in Korea. Michigan State University.
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
ارزیابی نقش عوامل اقتصادی مؤثر در بهبود امنیت غذایی خانوارهای شهری با تأکید بر درآمد(مورد مطالعه: شهر زنجان)
فقر و گرسنگی در تمام دوران زندگی اجتماعی بشر به عنوان معضلی اساسی وجود داشته است. تغذیه لازم کافی و مناسب یکی از عوامل مهم سلامت جسم و روان افراد و سرمنشا رفاه فردی، امنیت غذایی، فرد است. فقر غذایی امروزه به یکی از شاخصهای توسعه پایدار و سلامت شهری تبدیل شده است. هدف پژوهش تحلیل عوامل اقتصادی و نقش آن در کاهش فقر غذایی خانوارهای شهری زنجان میباشد. روش مطالعه توصیفی تحلیلی می-باشد. برای تحلیل عوامل اقتصادی و نقش آن در فقر غذایی جامعه آماری با فرمول کوکران انتخاب و از طریق نمونهگیری خوشهایی اقدام به برداشت اطلاعات شده است.اطلاعات مستخرج از پرسشنامهها با استفاده از نرم افزارهای آماری مورد تحلیل قرار گرفته و نتایج آن با استفاده از سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی به صورت شماتیک نمایش داده شده است.یافتهها نشان داد که رابطه معناداری بین درآمد، مسکن، اشتغال، سرپرست خانوار و فقر غذایی وجود دارد آسیب پذیرترین قشر در مطالعه حاضر زنان سرپرست خانوار(67/285با تفاوت میانگینی)که فاقد مسکن ملکی میباشند بوده است. نتایج نشان داد که رابطه معناداری بین سطح تحصیلات و در آمد و فقر غذایی خانوارهای شهری وجود ندارد. در نهایت میتوان نیاز مبرمی به یک برنامه ریزی جامع برای مقابله با فقر غذایی در سطح شهر زنجان وجود دارد.
https://ijaedr.ut.ac.ir/article_69091_5bd7cf91c14837f81418cd370c05e5d3.pdf
2018-09-23
413
427
10.22059/ijaedr.2018.205414.668234
عوامل اقتصادی
فقر غذایی
امنیت غذایی
وضعیت تغذیه ایی
زنجان
ناهید
سجادیان
nsajadian@yahoo.com
1
گروه جغرافیا-دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
AUTHOR
سمیرا
مرادی مفرد
moradi_samira_66@yahoo.com
2
دانشگاه اهواز
LEAD_AUTHOR
اکبر
حسین زاده
hoosienzadeh@gmail.com
3
دانشکده علوم اجتماعی-دانشگاه زنجان
AUTHOR
Ahmadi A M., Vafaii R. (2008). Evaluation of health economics in the third and fourth development plans, Quarterly health and sustainable development, Jihad Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Fifth year. Number (6), p12 (in Farsi).
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
برآورد و شبیهسازی تمایل به پرداخت برای آب کشاورزی سیمینهرود در دشت بوکان: کاربرد رهیافت خودراه اندازسازی
در بسیاری از دشتهای حوضه آبخیز ارومیه توزیع رایگان و قیمت پایین آب منجر به استفاده و تخصیص ناکارآمد منابع کمیاب آب شده است. در این زمینه، قیمت گذاری آب یک ابزار سیاسی برای افزایش کارایی آب، کاهش تقاضای آب، مدیریت سیستمهای آبیاری و بازگشت هزینهها است. از نقطه نظر کارایی اقتصادی، قیمت آب میبایست بازگوکنندهی هزینهی فرصت باشد؛ در حالی که از دیدگاه درآمدی، قیمت آب تا حد زیادی به تمایل به پرداخت کشاورزان وابسته است. در این مطالعه، برای تخمین تمایل به پرداخت (WTP) کشاورزان برای آب کشاورزی از روش ارزش گذاری مشروط استفاده شده و همچنین با شبیهسازی از نوع «خود راه انداز» (Bootstrap) نیز مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفته است. داده های مورد نیاز از روش نمونه گیری تصادفی ساده مشتمل بر 134 کشاورز در حاشیه رودخانه سیمینه رود دشت بوکان در بهار 1391 به دست آمد. نتایج ارزش گذاری مشروط (CVM) و خودراهاندازسازی نشان میدهند که متوسط تمایل به پرداخت به ترتیب برای هر روش 48/477 و 47/438 ریال برای هر متر مکعب است که تمایل به پرداخت داده های شبیه سازی شده تفاوت چندانی با روش ارزش گذاری مشروط ندارد. سن کشاورز، سطح زیر کشت محصولات، درآمد حاصل از شغل کشاورزی و داشتن درآمد فرعی اثر معنا داری را بر روی تمایل کشاورزان برای پرداخت آب بها نشان دادند.
https://ijaedr.ut.ac.ir/article_69083_7fdc9ee3324f0154e7199cc8e309b492.pdf
2018-09-23
429
438
10.22059/ijaedr.2018.33307.667428
ارزش گذاری مشروط
تمایل به پرداخت
دشت بوکان
شبیه سازی خود راه انداز
قیمت گذاری آب
اسماعیل
پیش بهار
pishbahar@yahoo.com
1
دانشیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، داکشده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
جلال
رحیمی
jalalrahimi87@yahoo.com
2
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران
AUTHOR
Asadi, H., & Sultani Gh. (1999). Examine the reaction of water for domestic and agricultural consumers of water rates. Agricultural and Development Economics, 25:185-167. (In Farsi)
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Baghestani M., Zibaei.(2009). Measuring farmers willingness to pay for groundwater in the area Rajmard application of CVM. Agricultural Economics. 58. (In Farsi)
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Barimnejad V. ( 2006). Derived from the production function polynomial in agriculture. Farmers Journal, 116 -107. (In Farsi)
3
Blali H., Khalilyan S., & Ahmadyan M. (2010). Study the role of agricultural water markets in pricing and allocation of water resources. Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development, 24)2), 185-194. (In Farsi)
4
Boadu, F.O. (1992). Contingent valuation for household water in rural China. Journal of Agricultural Economics, 43(3): 458-463.
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Dashti Gh., Aminian F., Hseinzad J., & Hayati B. (2009), Estimating the economic value of water in crop production (case study of underground city Damghan). Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 2. (In Farsi)
6
Doppler, W., Salman, A. Z., Al-karablieh, E. K. & Wolff, H. P. (2002). The impact of water price strategies on the allocation of irrigation water: the case of the Jordan Valley. Agricultural Water Management, 5: 171-182.
7
Efron, B. (1979). ‘Bootstrap Methods: Another Look at the Jackknife’. Annals of Statistics, 7, 1-26.
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Haworth, B. R. & S. Farber. (2002). Accounting for the value of ecosystem services. Ecological Economics, 41: 421-429.
9
Koss, P. and Khawaja, S. M. (2001). The value of water supply reliability in California: a contingent valuation study. Water Policy, 3(2): 165-174.
10
Mackinnon J., G.,(2006), Bootstrap Methods in Econometrics , Department of Economics, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
11
Marta-Pedroso, C., H. Freitas, & Domingos, T. (2007). Testing for the survey mode effect on contingent valuation data quality: A case study of web based versus in-person interviews, Ecological Economics, 49: 388-398.
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Medellan-Azuara J., Harou J.J. and Howitt, R.E. (2012). Predicting farmer responses to water pricing, rationing and subsidies assuming profit maximizing investment in irrigation technology. Science of the agricultural watermanagement, 108: 73–82.
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O-Abu-Madi, M. (2009). Farm-level perspectives regarding irrigation water prices in the Tulkarm district, Palestine. Agricultural Water Management, 96: 1344-1350
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Parhizkari, A., Sabohi, M., Ahmadpor, M., & Barzin, A.B. (2014). Simulate the response of farmers to water pricing policies and quotas. Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development, 28(2): 164-176. (In Farsi)
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Rogrers, P., Silva, R.D. & Bhatia, R. (2002). Water is an economic good: How to use price to promote equity, efficiency and sustainability. Water Policy, 4: 1-17.
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Sabouhi M., Soltani Gh., & Zibaei, M. (2006). Water Resources Management of Groundwater: A Case Study in Khorasan Narimani plain . Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources,: 484-475. (In Farsi)
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22
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تحلیل و ارزیابی ریسکهای مرتبط با تولید گندم در زنجیره تأمین نان استان خوزستان
هدف از این پژوهش، ارزیابی ریسکهای مرتبط با تولید گندم در زنجیره تأمین نان استان خوزستان است که در دو فاز انجام گرفته است. به این منظور از روش پژوهش ترکیبی- اکتشافی استفاده گردید که در فاز اول از تئوریبنیانی برای شناسایی ریسک و در فاز دوم از پیمایش مقطعی برای ارزیابی ریسک مورد بهره برداری قرار گرفت. در فاز اول، از میان جامعه آماری، شامل کارشناسان و کشاورزان پیشرو در تولید گندم، 15 نفر به روش نمونهگیری هدفمند ترکیبی(بارز و موارد شناختهشده) به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. ابزار جمعآوری اطلاعات در این مرحله، مصاحبه نیمهساختارمند و مشاهده بوده است. در فاز دوم، از میان جامعه آماری، شامل کشاورزان گندمکار،150 نفر به روش نمونهگیری هدفمند بارز به عنوان نمونه انتخاب گردیدند. . ابزار جمعآوری اطلاعات در این مرحله، چکلیست بوده است. به منظور تحلیل دادهها از تکنیک ارزیابی حالتهای شکست و اثرات آن استفاده شد. قابلیت اعتبار ریسکهای شناسایی شده و روایی چکلیستها با نظر صاحبنظران و متخصصین مربوطه مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. بر اساس نتایج حاصل از تئوری بنیانی در فاز اول، 12 مقوله ریسک، شناسایی شد و نتایج ارزیابی ریسکها نیز بیانگر آن بود که به ترتیب ریسک محیطی، ریسک ایمنی محصول و محیط زیست، ریسک تأمین نهادهها، ریسک فعالیتهای زراعی، ریسک زیرساختها، ریسک فناوری، ریسک دسترسی به اطلاعات و آموزشهای ترویجی، ریسک مالی، ریسک زمانی، ریسک بازار، ریسک پژوهش و توسعه، ریسک انسانی در اولویتبندی ریسکهای مرتبط با تولید گندم قرار دارند. همچنین ریسک محیطی در زمره یکی از ریسکهای بسیار نیرومند، ریسک ایمنی محصول و محیط زیست به عنوان یکی از ریسکهای نیرومند و ریسکهای بازار، پژوهش و توسعه انسانی از جمله ریسکهای ضعیف ارزیابی شدند.
https://ijaedr.ut.ac.ir/article_69084_b2c813353d08e39bc36d8c0fcb3f8bc7.pdf
2018-09-23
439
459
10.22059/ijaedr.2018.239968.668477
ارزیابی ریسک
گندم
زنجیره تأمین نان
ریسک محیطی
ریسک تولید
آذر
هاشمی نژاد
azar.hasheminejad@gmail.com
1
دانشجوی دکتری ترویج کشاورزی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، اهواز، ایران
AUTHOR
منصور
غنیان
m_ghanian@yahoo.com
2
دانشیار دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، اهواز، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
عباس
عبدشاهی
ahmadreza1378@yahoo.com
3
استادیار دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه کشاورزی ومنابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان، اهواز، ایران
AUTHOR
بهمن
خسروی پور
b.khosravipour@gmail.com
4
دانشیار دانشکده مهندسی زراعی و عمران روستایی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان، اهواز، ایران
AUTHOR
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تحلیل شبکه اجتماعی در رأستای مدیریت تعارض انسان و محیطزیست بر مبنای شواهدی از حملات گرگ در جوامع محلی استان همدان
امروزه در غرب ایران، به خصوص استان همدان، تضاد بین جوامع محلی و گرگ به اوج خود رسیده و به یک نگرانی مهم برای مردم محلی تبدیل شده است. در این پژوهش بهمنظور بررسی جایگاه مؤلفههای اجتماعی در کاهش تعارض بین انسان و محیطزیست از روش تحلیل شبکه اجتماعی برای استخراج یک سناریو بهره گرفته شد. در واقع هدف، یافتن مهمترین رویدادهای اجتماعی تابع تصمیمات انسانی در کاهش تعارض انسان و محیطزیست بود. از این رو در مناطقی از استان همدان که دارای بیشترین نقاط حمله گرگ بود، با استفاده از روش Daniel و با توجه به اندازه خانوار ساکن در مناطق روستایی تعداد 400 پرسشنامه پیرامون تصمیم مردم محلی در مقابل حملات گرگ در قالب رویدادهایی چون کمکخواهی از اداره حفاظت از محیطزیست، کمکخواهی از دهیاران، استفاده از سگهای گله، آموزش به کودکان، تلویزیون و روزنامه و همچنین اقدام تهاجمی مانند کشتن گرگ، طراحی و در سال 1395 شبکه اجتماعی مصور و سنجههای مرتبط برای تحلیل رفتار برای استخراج یک سناریو به دست آمد. نتایج نشان داد از بین روشهای مورد استفاده توسط مردم محلی، آموزش به کودکان و افراد کمتجربه، استفاده از سگهای گله و همچنین کمکخواهی از دهیاران به ترتیب بیشترین مرکزیت را در شبکه حفاظت در بین سایر روشهای مورد استفاده توسط مردم محلی دارند. میزان رضایت جوامع محلی پس از استفاده از هر کدام از این روشها نسبت به قبل از استفاده افزایش پیدا کرده است. همچنین کمکخواهی از اداره حفاظت محیطزیست، کمترین درجه مرکزیت را قبل و بعد از استفاده در شبکه حفاظت دارد. با مشخصشدن نقش محوری آموزش به کودکان و افراد کمتجربه به دلیل مرکزیت بالا در این مطالعه پیشنهاد میشود آموزش به جوامع محلی در رأس برنامههای مدیریتی اداره حفاظت محیطزیست استان همدان قرارگیرد.
https://ijaedr.ut.ac.ir/article_69085_ff607232b96f835caa7eea6cc599a065.pdf
2018-09-23
461
472
10.22059/ijaedr.2018.248769.668536
گرگ
مدیریت تعارض
شبکه حفاظت
تحلیل شبکه اجتماعی
استان همدان
علیرضا
محمدی
armohammadi1989@gmail.com
1
دانشجوی دکتری گروه محیط زیست دانشکده منابع طبیعی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران.
AUTHOR
محمد
کابلی
mkaboli@ut.ac.ir
2
دانشیار گروه محیط زیست دانشکده منابع طبیعی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
امیر
علم بیگی
ijaedr@ut.ac.ir
3
استادیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
AUTHOR
جوزه
ویسنت لوپز بااو
jvr.lopezbao@gmail.com
4
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
بررسی تأثیر استراتژیهای رقابتی، ادراک از محیط پویا و جهتگیری بازار بر عملکرد با تعدیلگری زیرکی بازار (مورد مطالعه صنعت لبنیات)
هدف پژوهش حاضر ارائه راهکارهای کاربردی به منظور ایجاد فهم مناسب از بازار، رقبا و مشتریان است. این پژوهش از لحاظ هدف، کاربردی و از نظر روش پژوهش توصیفی-علّی است. در این پژوهش ابتدا مدل نظری و فرضیات بین متغیرها توسعه داده شد و جهت بررسی فرضیات پژوهش، مدل معادلات ساختاری مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. جامعه آماری مدیران و کارکنان فروش شرکتهای لبنی شهر مشهد است. از این رو نمونهای برابر با 226 نفر بر اساس فرمول کوکران و با استفاده از روش نمونهگیری در دسترس انتخاب شد. برای جمعآوری دادهها از پرسشنامه استفاده شد، پایایی پرسشنامه بهوسیله آلفای کرونباخ و پایایی مرکب و روایی آن با استفاده از روایی سازه (همگرا) و روایی واگرا مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. نتایج بهدستآمده از این پژوهش نشان داد که راهبردهای رقابتی بر جهتگیری و عملکرد بازار تأثیرگذار است. همچنین نقش زیرکی بازار در روابط بین ادراک از محیط و جهتگیری بازار با عملکرد بازار مورد تأیید قرار گرفت.
https://ijaedr.ut.ac.ir/article_69087_ce754008e1d5d5e0093ef1cd8861c87a.pdf
2018-09-23
473
486
10.22059/ijaedr.2018.239194.668467
ادراک از محیط پویا
جهتگیری بازار
زیرکی بازار
عملکرد بازار
حسین
بلوچی
hossinbalochi.manager@gmail.com
1
دانشجوی دکترای مدیریت بازاریابی بین الملل، دانشکده اقتصاد و مدیریت، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران
AUTHOR
مرتضی
ملکی مین باش رزگاه
hossinbalochi@ut.ac.ir
2
استادیار گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده اقتصاد و مدیریت دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
داود
فیض
hossinbalochi@gmail.com
3
دانشیار دانشکده اقتصاد و مدیریت گروه مدیریت بازرگانی ، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران
AUTHOR
طهمورث
حسنقلی پور یاصوری
thyasori@yahoo.com
4
استاد گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
AUTHOR
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر خردی و پراکندگی اراضی کشاورزی در استان آذربایجان شرقی
کاهش بهرهوری و افزایش هزینههای تولید ناشی از خردی و پراکندگی نامنظم قطعات زراعی و باغی یکی از موانع عمده دستیابی به توسعه پایدار کشاورزی است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر خردی و پراکندگی اراضی کشاورزی در استان آذربایجان شرقی صورت گرفت تا با شناسایی این عوامل، بتوان راهکارهای مناسب جهت ساماندهی وضعیت موجود اراضی کشاورزی ارائه داد. جامعه آماری این تحقیق را بهرهبرداران بخش کشاورزی ساکن در استان آذربایجان شرقی تشکیل دادند (212926N=). حجم نمونه با استفاده از فرمول کوکران 380 نفر برآورد شد که بهروش نمونهگیری طبقهای انتخاب شدند. ابزار تحقیق پرسشنامه بود که روایی آن با استفاده از نظرات گروهی از پژوهشگران دانشگاهی و متخصصان حوزه خردی و پراکندگی اراضی کشاورزی سازمان امور اراضی کشور مورد بررسی، بازبینی و اصلاح قرار گرفت. پایایی پرسشنامه با محاسبه آلفای کرونباخ (85/0) تأیید شد. نتایج حاصل از تحلیل عاملی نشان داد که متغیرهای مورد مطالعه در شش عامل فنی- اقتصادی، فیزیکی-کالبدی، کیفی-اجتماعی، نظارتی، تاریخی-مذهبی و زراعی گروهبندی شدند. این شش عامل 13/65 درصد واریانس عوامل تعیینکننده خردی و پراکندگی اراضی کشاورزی در منطقه مورد مطالعه را تبیین کردند. بر اساس نتایج تحلیل عاملی، عامل فنی- اقتصادی (سنتی بودن نظامهای بهرهبرداری، ابتدایی بودن امکانات و شیوههای تولید کشاورزی در مناطق روستایی، پایین بودن بهرهوری اراضی کشاورزی، فاصله قطعات از منبع آب، وجود قوانین و سیاستهای کشاورزی نامناسب، نبود الگوی مناسب کشت و فقدان قدرت مالی کشاورزان جهت خرید و یا معاوضه قطعات) مهمترین عامل خردی و پراکندگی اراضی کشاورزی در استان آذربایجان شرقی بود.
https://ijaedr.ut.ac.ir/article_69089_6e8940011dd9ca286d02616452b9c1a8.pdf
2018-09-23
487
508
10.22059/ijaedr.2017.237776.668459
خردی و پراکندگی اراضی کشاورزی
یکپارچه سازی اراضی کشاورزی
تجهیز و نوسازی اراضی کشاورزی
ساماندهی اراضی کشاورزی
آذربایجان شرقی
محمد
شوکتی آمقانی
mohammad_amegan@ut.ac.ir
1
دانشجوی دکتری توسعه کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
AUTHOR
خلیل
کلانتری
khkalan@ut.ac.ir
2
استاد دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی دانشگاه تهران
LEAD_AUTHOR
علی
اسدی
aasadi@ut.ac.ir
3
استاد گروه مدیریت و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
AUTHOR
حسین شعبانعلی
فمی
hfami@ut.ac.ir
4
استاد گروه مدیریت و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
AUTHOR
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تدوین مدل راهبردی TOWS در توسعه گردشگری کشاورزی و روستایی استان مازندران
هدف اصلی این پژوهش، تدوین مدل راهبردی TOWS در توسعه گردشگری روستایی (گردشگری کشاورزی، بومگردشگری) استان مازندران با بررسی موردی در دو شهرستان سوادکوه و سوادکوه شمالی است. پژوهش از نوع توصیفی-تحلیلی است که با بررسی مطالعات تحلیلی و مرور ادبیاتی از منابع مختلف و نتایج تحلیلی با نظر متخصصان و پژوهشگران حیطۀ گردشگری کشاورزی و روستایی به اولویتبندی هریک از عوامل داخلی(قوتها و ضعفها) و بیرونی(فرصتها و تهدیدها) و تدوین راهبرد TOWS پرداخته است. جامعه آماری پژوهش، گروهی از متخصصان و کارشناسان دارای تجربه و تخصص علمی و مدیریتی در زمینه گردشگری روستایی و توسعه و عمران روستاییاند که به طور هدفمند و در دسترس20 نفر انتخاب شدند. پرسشنامه بر اساس تکنیک AHP و مقیاس نه سطحی ساعتی میان آنها توزیع شد. در نهایت 16 پرسشنامه تکمیل، جمعآوری و مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت. برای پـردازش اطلاعـات از تکنیکSWOT- AHP با استفاده از نرمافزارSuper Decisions نسخه 6/2 وExcel بهره گرفتـه شد. یافتههای پژوهش نشان داد که در ارزیابی معیارها، نقاط قوت، فرصتها، ضعفها و تهدیدها، اولویتهای اول تا چهارم را به خود اختصاص دادند. در تدوین راهبردها با بهرهگیری از مدل TOWS با توجه به غیرقابلکنترل بودن عوامل بیرونی سعی شده است بیشتر بر عوامل قابل کنترل درونی تأکید شود. مهمترین راهبردهای مدل TOWS، بهترتیب اولویت شامل راهبردهای حداکثر- حداکثر(SO)، حداقل- حداکثر(WO)، حداکثر-حداقل(ST) و حداقل- حداقل (WT)برای توسعه گردشگری روستایی تبیین گردیده است.
https://ijaedr.ut.ac.ir/article_69090_47f61cf501344ed85fc72ce8a3dfeb4a.pdf
2018-09-23
509
525
10.22059/ijaedr.2018.238272.668464
تحلیلSWOT-AHP
مدل راهبردی TOWS
گردشگری روستایی
اگروتوریسم
توسعه پایدار روستایی
فاطمه
رزاقی بورخانی
frazzaghi@ut.ac.ir
1
دکتری گروه ترویج کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
AUTHOR
یاسر
محمدی
ymohammadi84@yahoo.com
2
استادیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان، همدان، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
واکاوی ادراک روستاییان از پیامدهای جابهجایی سکونتگاهی: مطالعهای قومنگارانه در روستای سرخهگاو، شهرستان هریس
جابهجایی سکونتگاهی پدیدهای است که ابعاد مختلف زندگی انسان را تحتتأثیر قرار میدهد و دارای پیامدهای چند بعدی و گاه پیچیده است. شناسایی چنین پیامدهایی میتواند نقش چشمگیری در برنامهریزی و هدایت فرآیندهای جابهجایی داشته باشد. در این راستا، پژوهش حاضر با هدف اصلی واکاوی ادراک اهالی روستای سرخهگاو از پیامدهای جابهجایی سکونتگاهی انجام شد. طرح پژوهش با استفاده از رویکرد قومنگاری انتقادی هدایت شد. مشارکتکنندگان شامل تمامی اهالی روستای سرخهگاو بودند که تجارب مشترکی در خصوص جابهجایی سکونتگاهی داشتند. جمعآوری دادهها با استفاده از مصاحبه نیمهساختار یافته، درخت مشکل، مشاهده و نقشههای اجتماعی صورت گرفت. انتخاب مشارکتکنندگان بهصورت کاملاً هدفمند انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که فوریت فرآیند جابهجایی در روستای سرخهگاو منجر به نادیده گرفتن فرآیندهای برنامهریزی مشارکتی شده و بدین ترتیب برخی از ملاحظات کالبدی خانهها در انطباق با شرایط جوی و اجتماعی مد نظر قرار نگرفته است. یافتهها نشان میدهد که دیدگاه فنی صرف در خصوص فرآیند جابهجایی روستای سرخهگاو نه تنها سبب بروز پیامدهای نامطلوب کالبدی و اجتماعی شده؛ بلکه برخی از پیامدهای مثبت جابهجایی نظیر استحکام خانهها را کم اهمیت جلوه داده است. بهطور کلی، شواهد نشان داد که پیامدهای اجتماعی-اقتصادی جابهجایی سکونتگاهی در روستای سرخهگاو بهطور فزایندهای از پیامدهای کالبدی نشأت میگیرد. زیرا ساختارهای کالبدی با مناسبات اجتماعی، اقتصادی و اقلیمی منطقه تطابق چندانی نداشته و تجارب پیشین ساکنین را برنمیتابد.
https://ijaedr.ut.ac.ir/article_69093_9f35abfdf4c99c06e0138eb8daf34351.pdf
2018-09-23
527
544
10.22059/ijaedr.2018.256682.668597
"ادراک مشترک"
"جابجایی سکونتگاهی"
"قوم نگاری انتقادی"
"پیامدهای جابجایی"
"روستای سرخه گاو"
ایرج
قاسمی
i_ghasemi@ut.ac.ir
1
استادیار پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات اجتماعی جهاد دانشگاهی
AUTHOR
محمد علی
محمدی قره قانی
ali_gh75@yahoo.com
2
عضو هیأت علمی مرکز تحقیقات مدیریت رفاه اجتماعی، دانشگاه علوم بهزیستی و توانبخشی، تهران، تهران، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
رسول
لوایی آدریانی
lavaeirasool68@gmail.com
3
دانشجوی دکتری گروه مدیریت و توسعه، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
AUTHOR
سید علیرضا
نوربخش جعفری
alireza1371n@gmail.com
4
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد رشته جنگلداری، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
AUTHOR
احسان
اسدآبادی
ehsanasadabadi@yahoo.com
5
دانشجوی دکتری توسعه کشاورزیت، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
AUTHOR
بنفشه
پیراسته
banafsheh.pirasteh@gmail.com
6
دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد و پژوهشگر مهندسین مشاور طرح و منظر تهران، تهران، ایران
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
نقش سرمایۀ اجتماعی در اشتغالپذیری دانشجویان رشتههای کشاورزی: مورد مطالعه؛ پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران
با توجه به اهمیت اشتغالپذیری دانشآموختگان به عنوان شاخصی از کیفیت آموزش عالی و همچنین سرمایۀ اجتماعی به عنوان متغیری کلیدی در کارایی این نظام، بررسی رابطۀ این دو متغیر ضروری به نظر میرسد. بنابراین، هدف کلی این پژوهش، بررسی نقش ابعاد سرمایۀ اجتماعی در میزان اشتغالپذیری دانشجویان رشتههای کشاورزی پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران است. جامعه آماری پژوهش، دانشجویان سال سوم و چهارم رشتههای کشاورزی این پردیس است (715 N =)، که 190 نفر از آنان(n = 190) با استفاده از فرمول کوکران به روش نمونهگیری طبقهای تصادفی با انتساب متناسب برای مطالعه انتخاب شدند. دادهها از طریق پرسشنامهای متشکل از سه بخش ویژگیهای فردی و دو متغیر اصلی اشتغالپذیری و سرمایۀ اجتماعی، گردآوری شد. بهمنظور بررسی روایی و پایایی متغیرهای نهفته و آزمون مدل مفهومی پژوهش از روش مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری با بهکارگیری نرمافزار LISREL8.80 استفاده شد. نتایج تحلیل عاملی تأییدی (CFA)، روایی و پایایی متغیرهای نهفتۀ پژوهش را تأیید کرد. نتایج مدل ساختاری پژوهش نشان داد که پنج بعد از ابعاد هفتگانه سرمایۀ اجتماعی یعنی ارزشهای اجتماعی، عضویت در شبکههای اجتماعی، انسجام اجتماعی، مشارکت اجتماعی و تبادل دانش، تأثیر مثبت و معنیداری بر اشتغالپذیری دانشجویان مورد مطالعه داشته است.
https://ijaedr.ut.ac.ir/article_69094_b9c496e1ccc5d770f8454a5ddd5fb8b4.pdf
2018-09-23
545
558
10.22059/ijaedr.2018.47522.667680
واژه های کلیدی: اشتغال
شبکههای اجتماعی
بیکاری
قابلیت اشتغال
سرمایه اجتماعی
حسام الدین
غلامی
hagholami@ut.ac.ir
1
دانشجوی دکتری گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
سید یوسف
حجازی
yhejazi@ut.ac.ir
2
استاد گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
سید محمود
حسینی
hoseinim@ut.ac.ir
3
استاد گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
AUTHOR
احمد
رضوانفر
arezvan@ut.ac.ir
4
استاد گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
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